Rivers Lakes Reservoirs Origins and Forms Concepts of

Rivers, Lakes, & Reservoirs Origins and Forms

Concepts of Reach and Order p. 18

River Systems of the World

Discharge of Major Rivers (National Geographic Society)

• Pay attention to Table 3 -3, p 19.

The Amazon River Drainage

The Mississippi River Drainage

Susquehanna River

Trellis Drainage p. 19

Volga-Caspian Sea

Radial Drainage p. 19

North Platte Braided Stream See Fig 3 -7, p 22

Evidence of flowing water

Oxbow on the lower Mississippi pp. 23 -33

Lake Baikal pp. 23 -33

Crater Lake pp. 23 -33

Lake Missoula (National Park Service map) pp. 23 -33

Dry Falls lake pp. 23 -33

Gros Ventre Slide (Wyoming) pp. 23 -33

Trinity Lake -Alps pp. 23 -33

Development of the Great Lakes pp. 23 -33

Great Lakes today pp. 23 -33

Finger Lakes pp. 23 -33

Kettle Lakes pp. 23 -33

Deflation Basin pp. 23 -33

Reservoirs or Impoundments pp. 37 -39

Roles of Impoundments • • • Power Generation Water Supply Stabilize Water Flow/ Irrigation Flood Control Land Reclamation Water Diversion Navigation Commercial Fisheries Recreation

pp. 23 -33

World’s 10 largest reservoirs by volume as of 2018 Rank Name of dam Reservoir River Country Year Nominal volume km³ 1 Kariba Dam Lake Kariba Zambezi River Zambia & Zimbabwe 1959 181 2 Bratsk Dam Bratsk Reservoir Angara River Russia 1964 169 3 Akosombo Dam Lake Volta River Ghana 1965 150 4 Daniel-Johnson Dam Manicouagan Reservoir Manicouagan River Canada 1968 142 5 Guri Dam Lake Guri Caroní River Venezuela 1986 135 6 Aswan High Dam Lake Nasser Nile River Egypt 1971 132 7 Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam Blue Nile River Ethiopia under construction 79 8 W. A. C. Bennett Dam Williston Lake Peace River Canada 1967 74 9 Krasnoyarsk Dam Krasnoyarsk Reservoir (ru) Yenisei River Russia 1967 73 Zeya Reservoir Russia 1978 68 Zeya Hydroelectric 10 Station(ru) Zeya River

Types of Dams Construction • Arch Dam • Buttress Dam • Embankment Dam • Gravity Dam • Masonry Dam • Inflatable Dam Function • Hydroelectric Dam • Coffer Dam • Diversion Dam • Overflow Dam • Lowhead Dam

Hoover Dam & Lake Meade Arch Dam

Roselend Dam (France) Buttress Dam

Earthen or Embankment Dams

Faylor Lake Dam, Beaver Springs, PA Earthen or Embankment Dam

Grand Coulee Dam

3 Gorges Dam Gravity Dam

Connawingo Dam on the lower Susquehanna River Gravity Dam with buttresses to support the roadway.

Halfway Dam, Union Co, PA Top overflow Masonry Dam

Inflatable Rubber Dam

Hydroelectric Dam

Low Head Dams

Coffer Dam around the wreckage of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor (1911)

Farm Ponds

St. Francis Dam Failure March 13, 1928 ~430 victims and severe damage to the towns of Fillmore, Bardsdale, and Santa Paula.

• Be able to compare expected characteristics of streams, reservoirs & lakes (consult Tables 3 -4 & 3 -5, pp. 39 -40)

Beaver Ponds

Summary of chapter 4