River Basin Simulation with River Ware Colorado River

River Basin Simulation with River. Ware Colorado River Simulation System David Rosenberg CEE 6490, WATS 5330/6330

Learning Objectives • Overview model structure and compare to similar software • Navigate first set of software/CRSS features: – Node and Link Objects and connectivity – Slots – Data Management Interface – Rules • Start on ILO-1 2

A brief modeling history… • Pre 1960 s – manual routing calculations • 1965 – Colorado River Storage project model – fill Lake Powell – Lower basin reservoirs, power plants, salinity, operations • 1973 – River Network Model. Salinity standards • 1987 – CRSS (from prior models) Water supply, low flow augment, hydroelectric, flood control, salt (Schuster 1987) • 1990 s Riverware (C++) • 2001 – Goal-based optimization • Numerous model applications David Rosenberg 3

Select Applications Location Features Water Purposes Reference(s) Tennessee Valley Authority 35 Reservoirs 35 hydro plants • Hydroelectric • Flood control • Navigation, Recreation • Water quality Biddle 2001 Tarrant Regional Water District, Texas 7 Reservoirs 15 Diversions • Water supply § Reduce pumping § Balance western reservoirs § Minimize reservoir spills Smith 2016 Nile 162 Inflow nodes 19 Water demands 11 Reservoirs 2 Wetlands • Hydropower Wheeler 2018 • Water supply (agriculture) • Sediment discharge • Flood control • Wetlands

Software Architecture External data Interface Database Algorithm Model 1 Traditional Proprietary Decision Support System Adapted from Harou et al (2010) Model 2 Model 3 Modeling Platform/Ecosystem David Rosenberg 5

Riverware Architecture (from my experience to date) Workspace • Objects • Connectivity • Slots Utility • System control table (SCT) • Outputs and Plots DMI Data Management Interfaces Input DMI Output DMI Interface Database Policy Rule set (. rls) Model • Pure simulation • Single run • Rule-based simulation • Multi run (MRM) • Optimization David Rosenberg 6

Riverware Math Fundamentals • Pure simulation: – Solve storage balance equation for one unknown variable – Must know all but one variable ahead of time. • Rule-based simulation – Solve storage balance constrained by prioritized rules – Specify order that rules fire – Allows multiple unknowns • Goal based-optimization Maximize (or Minimize) User Objective By changing Specified Slots Such that: 1. Satisfy physical constraints 2. Satisfy rules David Rosenberg 7

Other similar software HEC-Res. Sim See Wurbs (2005) for a full review! Mod. Sim OASIS Mike Basin Gold. Sim IRAS AQUARIUS + Basin & State specific codes 8

CRSS in Riverware • Level Power Reservoirs (8) – – – Flaming Gorge Blue Mesa Morrow Point, Crystal Powell, Mead Mohave, Havasu • 113 Aggregate Diversion objects • Storage Reservoirs – Fontenelle, Taylor Park – Navajo, Starvation (aggregates 8 smaller Utah reservoirs) • Total dissolved solids (TDS) – Completely mixed – Ignores temperature David Rosenberg 9

CRSS in Riverware (cont. ) • Water Supply – 100 -year (1906 -2015) historical flows to 29 gaged points – Natural flow – Perturbed start years (index sequential method) • 113 Aggregate Diversion objects • Demands – Upper Basin: Future demands per 2007 schedule – Lower Basin: defined by Law of the River • 50+ operating rules • 120+ functions David Rosenberg 10

CRSS Inflow Locations Salinity measurement sites David Rosenberg 11

A bit more on CRSS inflows Type Definition Method 1. 1. Gaged 2. Unregulated Flow actually measured by by the stream gage Flow that would be observed absent upstream reservoir operations, evaporation, bank storage Measured Estimated 3. Natural Flow that would be observed absent upstream reservoirs and diversions Estimated River Stream gage Reservoir Return flow Diversion Water User David Rosenberg 12

• Major Components for Today – – Schematic Input DMI Objects and Slots Load Rule Using Riverware • Introduce components today • Apply & practice in directions & ILO-1 David Rosenberg 13

4 e. File menu => Open Model… Select Let’s CRSS file …Aug 2019. mdl Question 1: What are we looking at? 4 g. Navigate the schematic to the Lake Powell object. get going! Select for a “geospatial” view (object locations approximate) Question 2: What model objects are above and below Lake Powell? David Rosenberg 14

Toy WEAP model schematic from Spring 2018 David Rosenberg 15

View Slots 4 h. Right click Lake Powell object. Select Open Object. Question 3: What are the values for Minimum Power Elevation & Dead Storage? Which slots will Riverware use to solve for Powell. Outflow in pure simulation mode? David Rosenberg 16

Input DMI => 2007 UB and LB Demands Open and Load. Select … 2027 IGDCP. v 4. 2. 0. rls Load (4 i) Data and (4 j) Policies David Rosenberg 17

Questions 4 j • What rules are defined for Lake Mead? • How, generally, are the CRSS rules organized? • What factor(s) drive this organization? David Rosenberg 18

Conclusions • Riverware is a complicated model • We installed the program and loaded a dataset for the Colorado River basin (CRSS) • Navigated – Node and Link Objects and connectivity – Slots – Load data – Rules • Answered initial ILO-1 questions • Next up is model outputs! David Rosenberg 19

References • Wurbs, R. A. (2005). "Comparative Evaluation of Generalized River/Reservoir System Models. " TR-282, Texas Water Resources Institute, College Station, Texas. http: //twri. tamu. edu/reports/2005/tr 282. pdf. • Harou, J. et al (2010). “An open-source model platform for water management that links models to a generic user-interface and data-manager. ” 5 th International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software - Ottawa, Ontario, Canada - July 2010. https: //scholarsarchive. byu. edu/iemssconference/2010/all/510/ • Smith, R. , Kasprzyk, J. , and Zagona, E. (2016). "Many-Objective Analysis to Optimize Pumping and Releases in Multireservoir Water Supply Network. " Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 142(2), 04015049. https: //ascelibrary. org/doi/abs/10. 1061/%28 ASCE%29 WR. 1943 -5452. 0000576. • Wheeler, K. G. , Hall, J. W. , Abdo, G. M. , Dadson, S. J. , Kasprzyk, J. R. , Smith, R. , and Zagona, E. A. (2018). "Exploring Cooperative Transboundary River Management Strategies for the Eastern Nile Basin. " Water Resources Research, 54(11), 9224 -9254. https: //agupubs. onlinelibrary. wiley. com/doi/abs/10. 1029/2017 WR 022149. David Rosenberg 20