Rivalry in North America CHAPTER 4 SECTION 4

Rivalry in North America CHAPTER 4, SECTION 4

Rivalry Between the French and the British Both were leading European powers Ohio River Valley § West of the Appalachian Mountains § Rich in resources § Both thought they had right to the land §French built a series of forts to protect area. §When British built a fort, the French seized it. § Then built their own fort on top of it.

Rivalry Between the French and the British Spring, 1754: §Militia: military force made up of ordinary citizens ◦ Travel from Virginia to Ft. Duquesne. ◦ Led by a guy named George Washington. ◦ Build Fort Necessity nearby. ◦ French and native allies attack. ◦ Militia surrenders and are released to return home.

Native American Alliances The French had a big advantage: §Fur trading had created allies. §Natives distrusted British (wanted land). §French had converted natives to Catholicism. Iroquois Confederacy: §Most powerful group of natives in eastern North America: Made up of six nations (tribes). §British wanted and alliance (partnership). §Iroquois said no but agreed to stay neutral.

The French and Indian War (Seven Years War) Ben Franklin tried to unite the colonies: §Albany Plan of Union (failed) § Colonial gov’ts would have to give up some power French had early success: §Captured British forts §Native allies carried out raids: § Killed colonists § Burned farms and crops § Drove families back east

The French and Indian War (Seven Years War) § British decided to pay for the war instead of taxing the colonists (war costs money!) § But they would tax them later §New Prime Minister, 1757: William Pitt § Good at military strategy § Wanted to attack French Canada as well §British brought more troops to colonies §Captured Ft. Duquesne and Quebec, Canada

New British Policies §Treaty of Paris, 1763 § Ended French and Indian War § Canada and Ohio Valley went to Britain §Proclamation Line of 1763 § Imaginary line that limited the settlement of British colonists to the west. § Designed to stop conflict between colonists and natives. Chief Pontiac §Colonists lost French allies. §British raised prices of goods. Treaty of Paris 1763 §British troops stayed in colonies after the war. §Colonists began to distrust the soldiers.

District Writing Assignment Make a prediction: With other members of your district: § Review what you learned about the French and Indian War and British polices afterwards. § On a separate sheet of paper, write a well written paragraph about how you think the colonists are going to react. § Tributes: be ready to share your district’s thoughts.