Risk Assessment Principles Issue 2 Author J Scarborough
Risk Assessment Principles Issue: 2 Author: J. Scarborough Ref: 2. 32 C(1) Issue date: 28/8/18 Approved By: Jamie Scarborough Position: Senior H&S Officer
Housekeeping
Aim: To reduce risk so far as reasonably practicable Objectives; By the end of this course you will: • • • Explain the basic principles of risk assessment Identify workplace hazards and controls List different types of assessment Complete a basic risk assessment Explain where you can find more information Discuss case studies. .
Explain the basic priniciples What is it? • A careful examination of what could cause harm to people, so that you can weigh up whether you have taken enough precautions or should do more. • The aim is to make sure that no one gets hurt or becomes ill.
Explain the basic principles Why we do it Moral • Safety must come first because we want it too! • Impact on people and others Legal • Management of health and Safety at Work Regulations • More specific legislations e. g. COSHH, Asbestos…. Financial • There are many financial implications for not getting it right: • Fines, Covering Absence, Re-Training, Loss of Income….
Explain the basic principles Why we do it – statistics – UK fatal injuries (2017) Members of the public killed due to work related activities = 92
Explain the basic principles Why we do it – statistics – UK non-fatal injuries (2017)
Explain the basic principles Key terms (Activity) Hazard Something put in place to remove a hazard or reduce risk Risk Something with the potential to cause harm Control Measure The chance or likelihood that a hazard will cause harm
Explain the basic principles How to carry out an assessment Identify the hazards Decide who might be harmed Evaluate the risks and decide on control measures Record significant findings Review the risk assessment and update if necessary
Identify workplace hazards and controls Hazards Can you remember any of the top cause of workplace fatalities? Can you remember any of the most common causes of work-related injury
Identify workplace hazards and controls Hazards – Working at Height Need not be very high off the ground Falls from height often occur when: • Using a ladder incorrectly • Working on a fragile roof • Working on scaffolding • Using unsuitable equipment e. g. standing on a chair Controls • Avoid • Safe Working Practices • Using the right equipment • Training • Inspection and Maintenance
Identify workplace hazards and controls Hazards – Workplace transport Any activity involving vehicles used in a workplace • Being struck by a moving vehicle • Falling off vehicles • Being struck by or crushed by a vehicle Controls • Separating pedestrians from vehicles • Training • Being fit to drive • Using the right vehicle • Checking loads
Identify workplace hazards and controls Hazards – Machinery • • • Entrapment Entanglement Ejection Contact Impact Controls • Machine guards • Report faults • No loose clothing or jewellery • Tie back and cover long hair • Training
Identify workplace hazards and controls Hazards – Manual Handling • Using your body to lift, carry, push or pull a load Controls • Avoid • Assess • Reduce • Training
Identify workplace hazards and controls Hazards – Slips and Trips • Objects left lying around • Wet floors • Damaged stairs or loose carpet on stairs • Trailing cables and wires • Floors that are uneven, cracked or with holes • Poor lighting • Running or wearing the wrong type of footwear Controls • Keeping work areas clean and tidy • Mopping up any liquids asap • Reporting damage • Walking not running • Correct footwear
List different types of assessment Certain legislation / guidance require special assessments • • Display Screen Equipment Noise Lighting Vibration Asbestos Manual Handling COSHH • Emergency Planning
Explain the basic principles What is suitable and sufficient? • • Identify all hazards Identify specific regulations Systematic approach Include non-routine operations Identify who is at risk Take existing control measures into account Suitable time Involve the right people
Complete a basic risk assessment Practical Exercise
Complete a basic risk assessment Things to consider Human Error Safety Features
Explain where you can find more information KBC
Discuss case studies Case Study 1 (Activity) • An accident occurred at a factory in which an employee had an arm amputated by a machine he was cleaning. • A risk assessment had been carried out by the factory manager, but he had not tested the interlocks (because he didn’t have a detailed knowledge of how the machine was operated) • or noticed that some of the interlocks and guard switches were missing from the machine. • The manager had received no formal training on how to complete the risk assessment form. ‘Not involving a team of people in the assessment/not including employees with practical knowledge of the process/activity being assessed’
Discuss case studies Case Study 2 (Activity) • Rail operator employed consultancy to develop a model for Quantified Risk Analysis (QRA) and do the risk assessment. • Initially the operator failed to buy into the model and there was little consultation between the contractors and the operator during the development of the model. • The model included a detailed fault tree and event tree approach which needed a certain level of QRA expertise to understand. • As a result of the lack of discussion between the two parties, the company ended up owning a detailed QRA model for which they had very little in house knowledge of its development and a lack of supporting documentation including the justifications for the data used and assumptions made. ‘Ineffective use of consultants’
Discuss case studies Case Study 3 (Activity) • A company employed workers who carried out tasks on top of stacked containers on board ships at heights of 15 metres or more. • The company argued against the routine use of safety harnesses or guardrails on the basis that the risk of falling was negligible, the time spent at the edge of the containers was short, and that use of the safety equipment reduced productivity. • They assumed that because no accident had occurred in recent history (the last 10 years) the risk was effectively zero. In addition they also failed to recognise that it was UK industry practice to protect workers at heights. ‘Inappropriate use of historical data’
Aim: To reduce risk so far as reasonably practicable Objectives; By the end of this course you will: • • • Explain the basic principles of risk assessment Identify workplace hazards and controls List different types of assessment Complete a basic risk assessment Explain where you can find more information Discuss case studies. .
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