Rise of Greek Civilization 7 1 Mountains and

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Rise of Greek Civilization 7 -1

Rise of Greek Civilization 7 -1

Mountains and Seas 1 st civilization to develop in Europe Other civilizations formed in

Mountains and Seas 1 st civilization to develop in Europe Other civilizations formed in river valleys Balkan Peninsula Anatolian Peninsula

Aegean Sea Hundreds of islands Mediterranean Sea Mild Climate Fishing / farming

Aegean Sea Hundreds of islands Mediterranean Sea Mild Climate Fishing / farming

Communities were separated from each other Fiercely independent Came to think of themselves

Communities were separated from each other Fiercely independent Came to think of themselves as separate countries

Island Civilization Minoans – 1 st civilization in Aegean Sea Crete – island Knossos

Island Civilization Minoans – 1 st civilization in Aegean Sea Crete – island Knossos – kingdom Minos - king

Sailed to Egypt and Syria for trade 1450 B. C. – Civilization collapsed

Sailed to Egypt and Syria for trade 1450 B. C. – Civilization collapsed Underwater earthquakes? Tidal waves? Invasions from the mainland?

Mycenaean Kingdom 2000 B. C. - Moved from homeland of central Asia to Greece

Mycenaean Kingdom 2000 B. C. - Moved from homeland of central Asia to Greece King lived in a palace on a hill Stone walls for protection Nobles lived outside the walls Estates

Traders and Warriors Mycenaean adopted parts of the Minoan culture Ships Bronze Stars for

Traders and Warriors Mycenaean adopted parts of the Minoan culture Ships Bronze Stars for navigation Earth Mother – chief god Mycenaeans conquered Minoans Controlled the Aegean Sea

Dark Age Mycenaean civilization decline Earthquakes Fighting between kingdoms

Dark Age Mycenaean civilization decline Earthquakes Fighting between kingdoms

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Dorians – took control of Greek mainland Less food production Slow trade No

Dorians – took control of Greek mainland Less food production Slow trade No record keeping Iron was introduced

Hellenes (Greeks) Descendants of people who ran away from Greek mainland Grew food surpluses

Hellenes (Greeks) Descendants of people who ran away from Greek mainland Grew food surpluses Increased trade

Greek alphabet 24 letters Record keeping Bards – storytellers (written)

Greek alphabet 24 letters Record keeping Bards – storytellers (written)

Colonies and Trade Colonies – groups of people living in a new territory who

Colonies and Trade Colonies – groups of people living in a new territory who have ties to their homeland Needed for land for food production Colonies traded goods between each other

Greek City-State (Polis) Independent comminutes within Greece Acropolis – hilltop with a fort Honored

Greek City-State (Polis) Independent comminutes within Greece Acropolis – hilltop with a fort Honored local gods Citizen could take refuge during battles Agora – marketplace

Citizenship Male citizens could: Vote Hold public office Own property Defend themselves in court

Citizenship Male citizens could: Vote Hold public office Own property Defend themselves in court Required to fight for their polis as a citizen soldier

Citizens were: Free Land owners Men Born in polis Women and children might

Citizens were: Free Land owners Men Born in polis Women and children might qualify as citizens but none had the rights that went along with it.

Citizen Soldiers Wealthy nobles – horses and chariots Hoplites – solders who fought on

Citizen Soldiers Wealthy nobles – horses and chariots Hoplites – solders who fought on foot Phalanx – unified formation

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