Rise Fall of ICT companies Tom Tom 1

Rise & Fall of ICT companies Tom & Tom 1 -7 -2004

Content Overview history and milestones major companies n Conflicts and Cooperation n Xerox, IBM, HP, Digital, Microsoft, Apple and SUN n

Xerox Corporation n 1906 The Haloid Company founded – Photo paper, Xerographic Copiers n 1961 Name changed to Xerox Corp. – Office equipment n 1970 Palo Alto Research Centre (PARC) started

Xerox (PARC) n 3 main Research areas – Object Oriented Programming (SMALLTALK) – Networking (ETHERNET) – Graphical User Interfaces (GUI, Mouse, Bitmapped display, WYSIWYG editor)

International Business Machines Corporation 1924 founded, emerged from C-T-R (1888) n Computing and Tabulating -> Mainframes -> PC -> business solutions n 1965 – 1975 Dominant market position. n Culture: Dress code, Songs n

Hewlet Packard 1939 Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard founded HP n Lab equipment n Calculators, Printers n Social and open Company n Compaq (Digital) incorporated n

Digital Equipment Corporation 1957 Ken Olsen & Harlan Anderson n Small digital lab modules n PDP series n n “There is is no reason for any individual to have a computer in their home. “ Ken Olsen 1977

Microsoft Corporation 1975 Bill Gates, Paul Allen (Traf-OData) n BASIC for ALTAIR 8800 n 1981 DOS for IBM Pc’s n 1985 Windows n Conflict IBM about OS/2 n

Apple Computer Company n n 1976 Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak 1977 Apple II – Technical – Design – Price / quality n n n 1984 Introduction Macintosh Bad economical times, conflicts Nowadays Graphical market, cooperation MS

SUN microsystems 1982 Stanford University Network n Networks / distributed computing n 1989 SPARCStation 1 workstation n 1995 Java Platform n Conflicts with MS n

Conclusion Objective Information difficult to find n Success depends on luck, strategic vision, power struggles n Basic knowledge for every informatician n

Questions ?