Ripple I and II Communicating through Physical Vibrations
Ripple I and II: Communicating through Physical Vibrations Roy et. al. , UIUC, NSDI 2015 and NSDI 2016 Reading Group Presentation by Swadhin Pradhan 03/23/2016 1
RIPPLE - I ~200 bps 2
Vibration Motor Acceleromete r 3
Vibration Motor Acceleromete r 4
Morse Code Key On On On Off Vibration Motor Modulated vibration Acceleromete r 5
Applications: Mobile Money Transfer 6
Applications: Mobile Money Transfer SE N D RECEIVE 7
Applications: Authentication with Ring Vibratory Passcode Detected 8
Application 6 bps +secured 80 bps 200 bps 400 bps Vibratory Radio Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Hardware 9
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Acceleromete r Vibration Motor C 1 C 2 N S 10
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security 0 30 60 90 120 ms Regulated Input Vibration Braking 11
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security 0 30 60 90 120 ms 12
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Single-Carrier Multi-Carrier 13
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security 0 30 60 90 120 ms 100 Hz 200 Hz 300 Hz 14
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security + … + N S 15
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Resonance frequency removal 16
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Resonance frequency removal 17
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Z Y X 18
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Z Y X 19
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Z Y Spilled signal X 20
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Z Y Phase lag Spilled signal X Spilled Noise removal 21
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Y signal 2 h Y-Axis Z-Axis Spilled Noise removal 22
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Y signal 2 h Y-Axis h Y spill Z-Axis Spilled Noise removal 23
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Y signal 2 h h Z spill Y-Axis Z signal 2 h Y spill h Z-Axis Spilled Noise removal 24
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Y signal Scaled Y signal 2 h h Z spill Y-Axis * 2= 4 h 2 h Z signal 2 h Y spill h Z-Axis Spilled Noise removal 25
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Y signal Scaled Y signal 2 h h Z spill Y-Axis * 2= 4 h 2 h Z signal 2 h Y spill h Z-Axis Spilled Noise removal 26
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Y signal Scaled Y signal 2 h h Z spill Y-Axis * 2= 4 h 2 h Z signal 2 h Y spill h Z-Axis Spilled Noise removal 27
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Y signal Scaled Y signal 2 h h Z spill Y-Axis * 2= 4 h 2 h Z signal 2 h Y spill h + Z-Axis Spilled Noise removal 28
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Y signal Scaled Y signal 2 h h Z spill Y-Axis * 2= 4 h 2 h Interference free Y signal Z signal 2 h Y spill h + Z-Axis = Spilled Noise removal 3 h 29
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Physical Layer Security 30
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security N S 1 0 1 Correlated 31
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Vibration sound Speaker sound Jamming for Security 32
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Vibration sound Speaker sound Jamming for Security 33
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Vibration sound Speaker sound Jamming for Security (Phase Mismatch) 34
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Vibration sound Speaker sound Jamming for Security (Phase Mismatch) 35
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Vibration sound Speaker sound 36
Morse-code Single-Carrier Multi-dimension. Phy-Security Anti-sound start Vibration start Frequency switch 37
Evaluation Singlecarrier 38
Evaluation Multi-carrier 39
RIPPLE - II ~30 kbps 40
Search for a better Ripple 0. 2 K Ripple - I 0. 3 K Ultrasound 1. 0 KVisible Light 9. 6 K Infrared Ripple 32 K II NFC 106 K 41 (bits-per-second, entry level versions
Hardware Front-end 42
A better sensor for physical The receiver: vibration Accelerometer Vibration
A better sensor for physical The receiver: vibration Accelerometer Vibration Microphone + - Vibration + Sound
Accelerometer Amplitude A better sensor for physical The receiver: vibration Frequency Vibration Microphone + - Vibration + Sound 5 K 10 K 15 K Amplitude 1 K Frequency 1 K 5 K 10 K 15 K
Accelerometer Amplitude A better sensor for physical The receiver: vibration Frequency Vibration 1 K + - Vibration + Sound 10 K 15 K OFDM Amplitude Microphone 5 K Frequency 1 K 5 K 10 K 15 K
A better sensor for physical The receiver: vibration + - Vibration + Sound wait… Amplitude But Microphone OFDM Frequency 1 K 5 K 10 K 15 K
A better sensor for physical The receiver: vibration Ambient sound + - Vibration + Sound Amplitude Microphone OFDM Frequency 1 K 5 K 10 K 15 K
Receiver recovery 49
Vibration recovery at receiver Vibration Primary mic. V V
Vibration recovery at receiver Vibration Primary mic. V S Sound V+S
Vibration recovery at receiver Vibration Primary mic. V V+S S S Sound S Secondary mic.
Vibration recovery at receiver Vibration Primary mic. V V+S - S S Sound S Secondary mic. V
Vibration recovery at receiver Vibration Primary mic. V V+S Adaptive Filter S S” Sound S” Secondary mic. V
Vibration recovery at receiver Vibration Primary mic. V+S V S S” Sound Adaptive Filter V” V”+ S” Secondary mic. V
Vibration recovery at receiver Vibration Primary mic. V+S V S S” Sound Adaptive Filter V” V V”+ S” Secondary mic. Signal sources are correlated
Vibration recovery at receiver Vibration Primary mic. V+S V Adaptive Filter V Symbol Selective Adaptive Filtering S S” Sound V” V”+ S” Secondary mic. Signal sources are correlated
Vibration recovery at receiver Noise is sparse in frequency Amplitude Ambient sound Vibration frequency bins Frequency
Vibration recovery at receiver Noise is sparse in frequency Static channel between the sensors Primary mic. Amplitude Ambient sound Vibration frequency bins Frequency H Secondary mic.
Vibration recovery at receiver Selected bins (primary mic. ) Adaptive Filter Corrected bins Selected bins (secondary mic. )
MAC Layer 61
MAC layer rate control 1 Packet 02 Packet 01 Receiver side Symbol Symbol 01 07 06 05 04 03 02 Transmitter side
MAC layer rate control ACK 2 Packet 01 Receiver side Symbol Symbol 01 07 06 05 04 03 02 Transmitter side Interference sensing
MAC layer rate control ACK Packet 02 Packet 01 Receiver side Symbol Symbol 01 07 06 05 04 03 02 Transmitter side Interference sensing
MAC layer rate control
MAC layer rate control
MAC layer rate control Back. EMF
MAC layer rate control Back. EMF
Symbol 01 MAC layer rate control “Listening through a Vibration Motor” Nirupam Roy, Romit Roy Choudhury Back. EMF [Mobi. Sys 2016]
MAC layer rate control Back. EMF
MAC layer rate control Symbol Symbol 01 07 06 05 04 03 02 Low “Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio” (SINR) OFDM symbols
OFDM symbols 07 06 05 04 03 02 Symbol 06 Symbol 05 Symbol Symbol 01 MAC layer rate control Corrupted symbols
OFDM symbols 07 06 05 04 03 02 Corrupted symbols 09 08 06 05 02 Symbol 07 Symbol Symbol 02 Symbol 06 Symbol 05 Symbol Symbol 01 MAC layer rate control Symbol retransmission
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