Rhino Membrane r 2 0 VI International Conference

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 UPDATE REFERENCE STRATEGY FORM-FINDING With Grasshopper A generative modeling environment for Rhinoceros® Gerry D’Anza Architect

VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany The Concept of Form Finding in Architecture is a old topic: Used in conjunction with several construction technologies, formfinding is used in many fields for optimal use of material and energy minimization Concrete bridge from 70‘ Eng. Musmeci , Italy

VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Tensile Structures need to be Form-Found. Geometry and Pre-Stress together make them become Architecture and a widely used construction technology. Car Park Cover Arch. Gerry D’Anza , Italy

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Form-Finding methods: • • • Force Density Method Dynamic Relaxation Non-Linear stiffness Update Reference Strategy NFD Natural force density method …. others

VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Theory The theoretical background of Rhino Membrane is provided by the Updated Reference Strategy (URS) form finding of membrane structures developed by Prof. Kai-Uwe Bletzinger of the TU München (Germany) For a given topology of a membrane structure and given stress state in the structural elements (pre-tension in the membrane and cables), the corresponding equilibrium shape has to be determined. The URS represents a generalization of the well-known force density method. Due to its continuum-mechanical basis, the method is applicable to both cable and membrane elements without any restrictions: E. g. an arbitrary stress state can be specified for the membrane, which can be isotropic in order to generate real minimal surfaces or orthogonally anisotropic, which is very helpful form finding of textile structures with warp and weft direction. It is even possible to consistently include pressure forces, which are acting always normal to the surface at every state of the procedure, in the form finding process of pneumatic structures such as air-inflated cushions.

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Objectives Rhino. Membrane has been developed with in mind a few objectives: • • • Modern state of the art tool for Tensile Structures Form-Finding Fast migration of data to FEA packages with non linear features for structural analysis and verification against design codes. Easy connection to packages for membrane patterning & production Easy connection to packages for structure design & production Rhinoceros software from Mc. Neel & associates has proven to be the best choice as a host application for the above objectives

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Key Features Surface Quad-Mesh & Tri-Mesh elements taken in account Warp & Weft direction set by user via U-V mapping control Cables controlled by pretension or Force Density value Truss elements controlled by stiffness Constant, Linear & quadratic stress law specified over the surface Internal pressure for pneumatics Fast direct sparse matrix solver Visualization of final stress over the surface & reaction forces at fixed nodes

VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Why another Form-Finding tool Geometry Pre-Stress Geometry - Technical feedback

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 GH Solver Component

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 ext. Point Component

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 ext. Curve Component

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 ext. Mesh Component

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Hypar Example

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Hypar Example

Rhino. Membrane r 2. 0 VI International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures Structural Membranes 2013 9 -11 october Munich , Germany Video Examples