RHIC a High Luminosity Polarized Hadron Collider Polarized

RHIC – a High Luminosity (Polarized) Hadron Collider Polarized Jet Target 12: 00 o’clock 10: 00 o’clock RHIC PHENIX 8: 00 o’clock LINAC STAR 6: 00 o’clock (An. DY, Ce. C) 2: 00 o’clock RF 4: 00 o’clock NSRL EBIS Booster BLIP AGS Irradiation Facilities at BNL Tandems David Lissauer 1

Irradiation facilities at BNL Solid State Gamma Irradiation Facility NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) Commercial user facility of the Tandem Van de Graaff Brookhaven Linac Isotope Producer (BLIP) 2

Solid State Gamma Irradiation Facility Brookhaven National Laboratory Source Type: 60 Co Source with 1. 17 and 1. 33 Me. V photons Source Activity: Dose rates: 1150 Curies 3 Gray/hr - 800 Gray/hr User access: Users need escort but Irradiations can proceed unattended (24/7) Geometry: Collimated beam in Walk-in room (see picture) Irradiation Chamber Sample size: is restricted by line of sight up to 12 inches from source center line. Closer in there is a 10” square opening from 12” to 3” (see picture). Source Aperture 3

Solid State Gamma Irradiation Facility Brookhaven National Laboratory For Facility Use Contact Cost James Kierstead Instrumentation Division Email: Kierstead@bnl. gov Phone: (631) 344 -3170 Commercial Users: Others: $100/hr ($800/day) Contact above Please provide a brief summary of materials to be irradiated, required dose rates and total dose, requested irradiation dates and any special requirements to the contact above For irradiations of >3 days please provide a one page detailed summary to the contact above. Additional information may be found at: http: //www. inst. bnl. gov/facilities/ssif/ 4

NASA Space Radiation Lab (NSRL) at DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory 5 Medical Dept. Biology Dept. 5

NASA Space Radiation Lab - NSRL construction was paid by NASA and built by BNL under DOE. NASA pays for the operation and upgrades of NSRL. Non-NASA programs use the facility on and hourly cost basis. ( as long as they do not interfere with the NASA program). Some outside users are; DOE High Energy Physics, National Reconnaissance Office, Stony Brook University Radiation Oncology, other NASA non–JSC. NASA operates a 1000 hour/year program of ~150 users in each of 3 sessions. For more information please visit the NSRL website; http: //www. bnl. gov/medical/NASA/CAD/NSRL_Beam_Information_Gui de. asp 6

Examples of Beam Ion Species, Energy and Intensity. Typical Momentum 100 -1000/ Nucleon 7

e. g: Brag peak as “range” C at 292. 7 Me. V/N H at 250 Me. V cm of poly r=0. 97 g/cm 3 8

NSRL - Target Room 9

Tandem Van de Graaff - Facility Two 15 MV Tandems Full cost recovery use mainly for SEU studies More Information at: http: //tvdg 10. phy. bnl. gov/ 10

Examples of Ion Species and Energy Typical Flux: 1 -106 particles/cm 2/sec 11

BNL LINAC Isotope Producer (BLIP) The LINAC supplies polarized protons to the Booster for nuclear physics and NASA space radiobiology program. Excess high intensity proton pulses (~92%) are diverted to BLIP. Energy to BLIP is variable from 66 -202 Me. V in ~23 Me. V steps at integrated intensity up to 120µA. Operations for 6 -8 months per year are typical. Dedicated, at full cost recovery, or parasitic material irradiation possible 12

Layout of BLIP Beam Line Detail information at: http: //www. bnl. gov/cad/Isotope_Distribution/Isodistoff. asp 13

Radioisotope Program Components Isotope Production and Distribution at BLIP Distribution for sale; process & target development to improve quality & yield. Sr-82/Rb-82 for human heart scans with PET Ge-68 for calibration of PET devices, and for production of Ge-68/Ga-68 generators for PET imaging of cancer and other diseases Zn-65 tracer for metabolic or environmental studies Radioisotope R&D Cu-67, for cancer therapy applications Y-86 for PET imaging as a surrogate for cancer therapy with Y-90 Ac-225 for cancer therapy applications Training Support (space, equipment, faculty) for DOE funded Nuclear Chemistry Summer School, an undergraduate course in nuclear and radiochemistry Radiation damage studies Target and magnet materials for future high power accelerators, collaboration with BNL Physics & ES&T Departments Materials for Facility Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), collaboration with ES&T Department 14

Radiation damage studies The primary mission of BLIP is medical radioisotope production, target arrays for radiation damage effort must be designed so that they can be irradiated simultaneously and compatibly with isotope targets. A Solution is to increase beam energy and place targets in front of isotope targets, with energy loss calculated to match desired entrance energy and beam spot for isotope production. Irradiation in a mixed fast neutron flux is done using the secondary neutrons from proton interaction in isotope targets by placing targets downstream of the isotope target array. FRIB components were irradiated to a flux at doses of 0. 2 MGy, and 20 MGy. 15