Rhetorical Appeals ETHOS PATHOS LOGOS What is rhetoric

Rhetorical Appeals ETHOS, PATHOS & LOGOS

What is rhetoric? O The art of using language to persuade, influence beliefs and/or achieve a desired purpose Why must we learn this?

Rhetoric is all around us. In advertising In politics In everyday life

Why learn about rhetoric? O Become more attentive, discerning interpreters of the world around us O Recognize and practice sound, persuasive argument--and spot empty talk O Write and speak more effectively and persuasively—from emails to essays, from purchase negotiations to presentations O Discuss and debate with vigor and intelligence

History of Rhetoric O In 4 th century B. C. , Greek philosopher Aristotle introduced three rhetorical appeals LOGOS PATHOS ETHOS

What are rhetorical appeals? Persuasive strategies, used in arguments to support claims and respond to opposing arguments. O A strong argument will often use a combination of the appeals to make its case. O

Logos An appeal to logic or reason. O Provides audience with facts, evidence and statistics in order to persuade them. O

Pathos An appeal to emotion. O Attempts to evoke an emotional response in the audience, whether positive (joy, relief, etc. ) or negative (guilt, fear, etc. ) O

Ethos An appeal to character and credibility. O Convinces audience that speaker is reliable, honest, and credible; therefore, he/she is worthy of being trusted and listened to. O

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Assess Yourself! PRACTICE Which rhetorical appeals are being used in the following advertisements?

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Logos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Pathos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Ethos, Logos, Pathos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Pathos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Logos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Pathos, Logos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Pathos, Logos, Ethos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Pathos, Logos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Ethos, Pathos, Logos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Pathos Logos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? Ethos, Pathos, Logos

Ethos, Pathos, Logos? O How about in these television commercials? O https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=6 HNKqff. U 3 Cc&index=2&list=PLUt_PBZQzj_D 7 w. Pfn. SX- m 9 Ho 1 pfcq_Cg. G

Practice: Rhetoric in Speech Which rhetorical appeals are used in the following excerpts from Martin Luther King Jr. ’s “I Have a Dream” speech? O “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. ” Pathos O “I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. ’ ” Logos, Pathos

Writing Activity Choose one of the following topics. Write 2 -3 well developed paragraphs arguing your stance on that topic. Use AT LEAST ONE of EACH rhetorical appeal to help strengthen your argument. TOPICS • Can money buy love? • Should video games be considered a sport? • Should school cafeterias be forced to serve only healthy foods? • Do teachers assign too much homework? • Should video cameras be posted in classrooms? • Which is more important: talent or hard work?