Revivalism PROBLEMS TO SOLVE Lack of Faith Personal

Revivalism PROBLEMS TO SOLVE Lack of Faith & Personal Responsibility Charles G. Finney METHODS USED • Held large, public revival meetings • Challenged the belief that God had (religious gatherings) predestined your • Influential salvation (Heaven/Hell) speakers used • Stressed personal moving sermons responsibility—your to motivate actions matter followers

Transcendentalism PROBLEMS TO behind METHODS What lies us USED SOLVE and what lies before usindividual Personal Responsibility • Stressed for actions strength & a simple are tiny matters compared • Believed that life • Truthus. found in tofaith what lies could be within Ralph Waldo Emerson nature found without • Used literature to large, loud, public call for human rights Ralph revival. Waldo meetings. Emerson (wanted to end slavery, reform institutions & prisons)

School & Prison Reform Horace Mann Dorathea Dix PROBLEMS TO SOLVE Lack of Education • Few received a formal education beyond 10 yrs Inhumane treatment of Mentally ill and Prisoners • Mentally ill were jailed with prisoners, both treated harshly METHODS USED • Fought for public schools for all • Published fact finding reports, spoke out publicly, stressed rehabilitation for prisoners

Slavery & Abolition Frederick Douglass PROBLEMS TO SOLVE 1. Slavery in the South William Lloyd Garrison METHODS USED • Douglass toured the north to speak out 2. Apathy toward slavery against slavery in the North • became a walking • Douglass & contradiction of what Garrison helped the South believed to fuel the about African Americans abolitionist movement in the • Both Douglass & Garrison published North anti-slavery newspapers

Women & Reform PROBLEMS TO SOLVE 1. Women’s Rights 2. Temperance (alcohol abuse) 3. Abolition of Slavery Responsibility Susan B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton METHODS USED • Held large public protests • Held Women’s Rights convention • Women called for (Seneca Falls) rights equal to that • Spoke out of men • Saw temperance as through rallies & various writings a family issue • Were more sensitive to slavery than were men

Changes in the Workplace PROBLEMS TO SOLVE 1. Worsening conditions in factories/mills 2. Poor working conditions for women and children 3. Substandard wages for mill workers METHODS USED • Early attempts for workers to organize into unions • Formation of • The growth of the factory/mill system National Trades Union caused poor/hazardous • Workers begin to working conditions strike to achieve better conditions

• Revivalists/Transcendentalists attempted to reform the problems of morality & personal responsibility • Reformers also attempted to fix public education & gain humane treatment for the mentally ill & prison reform • Women’s rights, and the Abolitionists movements also gained ground • Workers also started to mobilize for fair treatment from employers • Reformers organized protests/strikes, spoke out against problems, printed newspapers, drew public attention to problems to bring about reform & change