REVIEW VSEPR and Molecular Geometries Polarity VSEPR Theory

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REVIEW: VSEPR and Molecular Geometries. Polarity.

REVIEW: VSEPR and Molecular Geometries. Polarity.

VSEPR Theory • Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory • VSEPR says: A molecule

VSEPR Theory • Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory • VSEPR says: A molecule adopts the geometry that minimizes the repulsive force among a given number of electron groups.

VSEPR Theory • The arrangement of electron groups that minimizes repulsion is called the

VSEPR Theory • The arrangement of electron groups that minimizes repulsion is called the electronpair geometry. – “electron groups” bonding groups (single/double/triple bond) unshared pairs

VSEPR Theory • The arrangement of electron groups that minimizes repulsion is called the

VSEPR Theory • The arrangement of electron groups that minimizes repulsion is called the electronpair geometry. • The resulting arrangement of atoms (in terms of bond lengths and bond angles) is called the molecular geometry.

VSEPR Theory • There are five electron-pair geometries: – Linear – Trigonal planar –

VSEPR Theory • There are five electron-pair geometries: – Linear – Trigonal planar – Tetrahedral – Trigonal bipyramidal – Octahedral • There additional molecular geometries when unshared pairs are present.

CH 4 Tetrahedral Electron-Pair Geo and Molecular Geo

CH 4 Tetrahedral Electron-Pair Geo and Molecular Geo

NH 3

NH 3

H 2 O

H 2 O

Trigonal Planar e- pair geometry

Trigonal Planar e- pair geometry

PCl 5 Trigonal Bipyramidal e- pair geo and molecular geo

PCl 5 Trigonal Bipyramidal e- pair geo and molecular geo

SF 4 Br. F 3

SF 4 Br. F 3

Expanded Octets and Electron-Pair Repulsions

Expanded Octets and Electron-Pair Repulsions

SF 4

SF 4

Br. F 3

Br. F 3

Xe. F 4

Xe. F 4

Larger Molecules. (ex) Glycine:

Larger Molecules. (ex) Glycine:

Molecular Polarity H 2 O

Molecular Polarity H 2 O

Molecular Polarity CCl 4 vector addition – see p. 440

Molecular Polarity CCl 4 vector addition – see p. 440

Molecular Polarity NH 3 + + +

Molecular Polarity NH 3 + + +

Molecular Polarity BF 3

Molecular Polarity BF 3

Molecular Polarity H 2 CO

Molecular Polarity H 2 CO

Molecular Polarity SF 4

Molecular Polarity SF 4

Molecular Polarity Xe. F 4

Molecular Polarity Xe. F 4

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