REVIEW Scale A ratio between actual distance on

REVIEW

Scale • A ratio between actual distance on the ground and length on the map • 1/10, 000 = 1 inch on the map/10, 000 inches on the earth Large-scale=more detail, cities 1 inch/5 miles Small-scale=less detail, regions, continents 1 inch/150 miles

Maps • Mercator Projection – 1569, used for navigation to plot straight lines based on compass directions

Maps • Robinson Projection – Shows better shape, but lacks directional utility

Maps • Goode’s interrupted projection – Minimizes specific distortions, but distance and direction distorted

Maps • Cylindrical Planar • Conic

Maps • Contour Lines – Isolines connect points of equal or constant value (temperature, elevation, culture regions)

Regions

Stats – Basic Geography • Largest land area Russia • Smallest land area Vatican City, Monaco China; 1. 3 billion • Largest Population • Smallest Population • Highest Density • Lowest Density Vatican City; 920 Monaco Mongolia

Stats - Population • Highest Birth Rate Niger; 51. 45/ 1000 • Lowest Birth Rate Latvia; 7. 8/ 1000 • Highest Death Rate Botswana; 33. 6/ 1000 • Lowest Death Rate Kuwait; 2. 4/ 1000 • Highest NIR Mali; 3. 3% • Lowest NIR Ukraine; -0. 7%

Stats - Population • Highest Infant Mortality Sierra Leone, 158/ 1000 Afghanistan, 163/ 1000 • Lowest Infant Mortality Iceland, 1. 3 /1000 Sweden, 2. 5/100 • Life Expectancy – Highest male/female Switzerland; 79, 84 – Lowest male/female Swaziland; 33, 34

Urban • Highest % Urban Kuwait, 100% Singapore, 100% • Lowest % Urban Burundi, 10% Development • Highest Literacy – Male/Female Core; 100% • Lowest Literacy – Male/Female Burkina Faso; 31%, 13%