Review Marriage involving one wife and several husbands

Review Marriage involving one wife and several husbands: P__________ Marriage involving one husband several wives: P__________ A type of marriage in which the brother of a deceased man is obliged to marry his brother's widow: L_____ Marriage A type of marriage in which the sister of a deceased woman is obligated to marry her sister’s widower: S______ Marriage This usually involves the simultaneous marriage of a brother-sister pair from two households: Si______ Ex____ Marriage Hypergamy Vs. Hypogamy Endogamy Vs. Exogamy

GUESS THIS THEORIST -He coined term “sociology” (socius and logos) -He proposed that society must be studied using s_______c me______d but he did not apply it himself.

SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE PAST Theological stage Metaphysical stage Positivism

Social analysis need to understand women's status and issues. She wrote the first book on sociological methods. Impacts of economy, law, trade, health, and population on social problems. Who is theorist?

EARLY THINKERS – Studied “evolutionary” change in society – He coined the concept of “survival of the fittest” and he called this concept as S_____l Darwinism. – Society evolve, change, over time. – Natural for people to be rich or poor.

EARLY THINKERS – Behavior must be understood within larger s_____l context – Father of Sociology – How modern society maintain social cohesion – Theoretical work on suicide. – A_____ie- loss of di______on felt in a society when social control has become in_____ctive– when people loss their sense of purpose.

EARLY THINKERS Who? – To comprehend behavior, one must learn s_______e meaning people attach to actions. – Social actions or behaviors must be understood in terms of the meanings and purposes attached in them. – V_______n (f____ir-s____ay-en), german for understanding)

EARLY THINKERS Society divided between two cl_____s that clash in pursuit of i______s Who?

MODERN DEVELOPMENTS – Black sociologist assisted struggle for racially egalitarian or free society – K_______e essential in combating prejudice – Scientific principles in studying social problems – Do_____e con_______ss---divided individual’s identity in two or more social realities, e. g. , being black in a white society. Guess this theorist?

TWENTIETH-CENTURY DEVELOPMENTS The looking-glass self theory explains that an individual’s self identity construction is based on how ______ view the _______. C____es C___y

Module 2 █ Charles Horton Cooley (1864– 1929) – Used sociological perspective to examine face-to-face groups (organizations) – The looking-glass self ----an individual’s self identity construction is based on how others view the individual.

– Combined intellectual inquiry, social service work, and political activism – Co-founded Hull House – First American woman to be awarded a Nobel Prize J_____e A_____ms

MODERN DEVELOPMENTS – Combined theory and research – Proponent of the manifest and latent functions – Developed explanation of deviant behavior R____t Me____n

MAJOR THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES █ Functionalist perspective █ Conflict perspective █ Interactionist perspective

FUNCTIONALIST PERSPECTIVE Emphasizes the way parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability. █ Viewed society as vast network of connected parts (Parsons, 1979) █ Each helps maintain the system as a whole █

Module 3 CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE █ █ Assumes social behavior best understood in terms of conflict or tension between competing groups The Marxist view: Conflict is part of everyday life in all societies – Conflict theorists are interested in how institutions may help maintain privileges of some groups and keep others subservient

CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE █ █ Assumes social behavior best understood in terms of ____ between competing groups. Conflict theorists interested in how institutions may help m _______ privileges of some groups and keep others subservient.

Module 3 CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE █ The Feminist view – Sees inequality in gender as central to all behavior and organization – Often allied with conflict theory – Broadened social behavior by extending analysis beyond male point of view

Insert video on conflict theory

INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE Generalizes about everyday forms of social interaction to explain society as a whole █ How people use symbols to establish meaning █

INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE – George Herbert Mead (1863– 1931) is regarded as founder of interactionist perspective, – Gestures and social objects have rich meanings more than the physical. – Interaction between actor and the world – A view of both the actor and the world – Actor’s ability to interpret the social world

INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE █ Tattoos █ Rituals █ Objects █ Dance █ Music

You are telling someone that they resemble a similarly shaped part of the human body and, by extension, that they are homosexual.

Module 3 INTERACTIONIST PERSPECTIVE Erving Goffman (1922 -1982) █ People behave as if they are in theater. (Drama) █ Attempt of an individual to mask his/her real persona and instead control other people’s impression on him/her by changing his setting, appearance, and manner. █

THE _____ APPROACH █ █ Sociologists need to gain broadest understanding of society by drawing on all major perspectives, noting where they overlap or diverge. Researcher’s work always guided by his or her theoretical viewpoint.

SPORTS Functionalist Perspective ü Sports socialize young people into values such as competition, camaraderie, and solidarity. ü ü Sports help maintain wellness. Sports bring members of a community and promote an overall feeling of unity and solidarity. ü Undoukai promotes community participation in Japan. ü Undoukai emphasizes group rather than individual effort.

UNDOUKAI

CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE Sports are a form of big business in which profits are more important. Sports perpetuate the false idea that success can be achieved simply through hard work, while failure should be blamed to the individual alone. In Olympics, poor countries will less likely win.

INTERACTIONISTS PERSPECTIVE Sports facilitate parent-child involvement It can promote friendship networks There are different roles (coaches, players, etc. ) Social behavior is affected by norms, values, and demands of the social world of sports.

FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE Excessive dieting Gender stratification in sports

SUMMARY Functionalist perspective– emphasizes the way in which p___ts of a society are structured to maintain its _______. Conflict perspective- assumes that social be____ is best understood in terms of c______ or t______ between competing groups (men vs. women, young vs. old, rich vs. poor, white vs. dark) Interactionist- concerned primarily with fundamental or everyday forms of interaction, including symbols and other types of non verbal communication, even material culture.

Insert Video Review

THEORIST Who is the father of Sociology?

CONCEPT An awareness of the relationship between an individual and the society both in the present and in the past.

THEORY According to this theory, self identity construction is based on how others view the individual. What do you call this theory?

PERSPECTIVE Sociologists in this particular perspective examine gestures and symbols and they believe that social objects have rich meanings more than the physical.

CONCEPT It is the study of social groups, organization, and social interaction.

THEORIST He was the first black American to obtain a PHD degree from Harvard University.

PERSPECTIVE This sociological perspective espouses the idea that sociologists need to gain broadest understanding of society by drawing on all major perspectives, noting where they overlap or diverge.

THEORIST He developed a theoretical understanding of racial inequality.

THEORIST He coined the term “sociology. ”

THEORIST He popularized the "survival of the fittest” in society.

CONCEPT One purpose of education is to help students acquire the skills they need to be successful in society. A. Manifest Function B. Latent Function