REVIEW FOR WWI RUSSIAN REVOLUTION BETWEEN THE WARS

REVIEW FOR WWI, RUSSIAN REVOLUTION & BETWEEN THE WARS UNIT TEST

WORLD WAR I REVIEW

THE MAIN CAUSES OF WWI 1. Nationalism- superiority of own nation or wanting your own nation A. French Hate the Germans B. Slavs wanting independence 2. Imperialism- taking over or controlling another country or region A. Race for Colonies B. German & Italian Jealousy over colonies 3. Militarism- glorification of the military A. Might = Right B. Arms Races 4. Alliance Structure- interlocking defense treaties- just

PRE-WAR ALLIANCES Triple Alliance Triple Entente • Germany • France • Austria-Hungary • Russia • Italy • Great Britain

THE START OF THE WAR • Archduke Franz Ferdinand A. In Sarajevo, Bosnia B. Assassinated 1. The Assassin: Gavrilo Princip 2. The Black Hand • War is Declared: July 28, 1914

WWI: TOTAL WAR • WWI Impacts everyone • Impacts on the Home front: 1. Draft 2. Rationing 3. All must Work 4. Propaganda & Censorship 5. Lack of Food and Necessities

THE SIDES IN WWI- NEED TO KNOW- LISTING Allies Central Powers • France • Germany • Russia • Austria-Hungary • Great Britain • Ottoman Empire • Serbia • Bulgaria • Italy • United States • Japan

FIGHTING THE WAR • Use of Trench Warfare A. Common on the Western Front 1. 475 miles of trenches • New Technology in WWI 1. Machine Guns 2. Poison Gas 3. Flamethrowers • No Mans Land 4. Tanks 1. Area between the Trenches 5. Airplanes 2. Barren & Bombed out 6. Submarines

TURNING POINTS & END OF WWI • The Turning Points of WWI 1. US enters the War on the side of the Allies April of 1917 2. Russia exits the War in November of 1917 A. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk- Russia gives up a lot of land to Germany in order to exit War & continue revolution • Armistice- 11: 00 am, November 11, 1918

THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES • Goal of Allies, especially France and Great Britain, Punish Germany • The Big Four at the conference: Clemenceau, George, Wilson & Orlando • Treaty is very Harsh to Germany • Causes rise of Nazism & WWII 1. German anger at severity of Treaty will weaken its government 2. Germans will push to regain Power & Prestige lost in the Treaty

THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

CAUSES OF REVOLUTION • Dissatisfaction with Czarist Rule 1. Czar was very autocratic and people had few rights • Peasant Unrest 1. Peasants treated like serfs, lack of food and protections • Urban Workers 1. Severe impacts of industrialism- no unions • Diversity of Nationalism 1. Many groups in Russia want their own countries, or at least some rights • WWI 1. Destabilizes Russia

THE BOLSHEVIKS • Duma- very weak and ineffectual • Bolsheviks- Hardline communists who called for a violent overthrow of the government 1. Led by Vladimir Lenin & Leon Trotsky • Steps to a “Communist Paradise” 1. Replace Capitalism- private ownership of all resources, no government interference 2. Next go to Socialism- strong government redistributes all resources- creates a classless society 3. Communism- no government, just a leader to guide country. Classless society

THE REVOLUTION • Starts in 1917 - takes 3 years • Against Czar Nicholas II 1. Forced to Abdicate in 1917 2. Entire Family is murdered in 1919 • Communists win after a very bloody struggle

BETWEEN THE WARS • Gandhi in India 1. Pushes for Indian Independence using Non. Violent means • Rise of Fascism 1. Strong, dictatorial, governments that are very nationalistic & imperialistic 2. Founded in Italy by Benito Mussolini 3. Also used by Adolph Hitler

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

CAUSES • Main Cause, especially in US, Stock Market Crash • Weakened European Economies from WWI • Collapse of Banks • Enacting Tariffs & Retaliatory Tariffs

EFFECTS/IMPACTS • High Unemployment • Businesses Closing • Loss of Trade • Friction Between Nations • Destabilization of World Governments • Rise of Communism & Fascism

TEST REMINDERS • STUDY- 100 Points • Extended Response Questions 1. Answer all parts- explain, describe… 2. Don’t just list • Take your time