Reversible data hiding based on multilevel histogram modification

Reversible data hiding based on multilevel histogram modification and pixel value grouping u. Source : Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 40, pp. 459 -469 , October 2016 u. Authors : Wenguang He , Gangqiang Xiong , Ke Zhou and Jie Cai u. Speaker : Chia-Shuo Shih u. Date : 2018/07/19 1

Outline �Related work ◦ Histogram shifting �Proposed method �Experimental results �Conclusion 2

Related work-Histogram shifting 2 2 3 4 5 10 9 8 2 3 3 4 5 7 1 1 3 3 2 5 4 1 2 3 4 6 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 3 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Number Z. Ni, Y. Q. Shi, N. Ansari, W. Su Reversible data hiding IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. , 16 (3) (2006), pp. 354 -362 3

Related work-Histogram shifting 2 2 3 5 6 2 3 3 5 6 1 1 3 3 2 5 1 2 3 5 3 3 10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 4

Related work-Histogram shifting 2 2 3 5 6 2 4 3 5 6 2 1 1 4 4 2 3 5 5 1 2 4 5 3 3 2 3 5 3 4 2 2 3 5 6 2 3 3 5 6 1 1 3 3 5 1 2 2 3 5 s = 010111001 10 6 9 8 5 7 4 6 5 3 4 2 3 2 1 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 5

Proposed method-PVG Pixel value grouping(PVG) 91 92 93 93 94 96 95 94 97 95 92 95 98 95 91 95 94 93 96 93 98 94 95 95 95 96 96 97 98 98 6

Proposed method-PVG T=4 ={91} 91 92 ={98} 93 93 94 94 95 95 95 92 -91 = 1 ≤ T = {91, 92} 91 92 93 96 96 97 98 98 98 -98 = 0 ≤ T = {98, 98} 93 94 94 95 95 95 96 96 97 98 98 7

Proposed method-PVG T=4 91 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 95 96 96 97 98 98 95 -91 = 4 ≤ T = {91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 95} (1) i + 1 < j 91 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 95 96 96 97 98 98 8

Proposed method-PVG T=4 15 15 16 16 17 18 18 18 19 23 25 26 26 26 27 27 18 -15 = 3 ≤ T = {15, 16, 17, 18, 18} 15 15 16 16 17 18 18 9

Proposed method-PVG T=4 15 15 16 16 17 18 18 18 19 23 25 26 26 26 27 27 19 -15 = 4 ≤ T = {15, 16, 17, 18, 18, 19} 15 15 16 16 17 18 18 18 10

Proposed method-PVG T=4 60 60 62 62 63 67 70 70 71 71 72 73 73 73 11

Proposed method-Embedding EL = 4 15 23 15 16 27 19 18 16 25 15 18 27 26 17 18 26 26 15 16 16 17 18 18 18 19 23 25 26 26 26 27 27 PVG 15 16 19 18 16 15 18 27 26 17 18 26 26 23 27 25 12

Proposed method-Embedding 15 16 19 19 -4 -3 19 18 16 19 19 19 -1 -3 15 18 19 19 -4 -1 17 18 19 19 -2 -1 13

Proposed method-Embedding Serect bit: 01000010 15 16 -4 -3 0 0 19 18 16 -1 -3 0 0 15 18 -4 -1 1 1 17 18 -2 -1 0 0 11 13 19 17 13 10 16 15 17 15 -> 1 = 10 15 -> 0 = 11 16 -> 1 = 12 16 -> 0 = 13 17 -> 1 = 14 17 -> 0 = 15 18 -> 1 = 16 18 -> 0 = 17 14

Proposed method-Embedding 23 22 27 22 22 25 27 26 22 22 26 26 22 22 1 5 3 5 4 4 4 15

Proposed method-Embedding Serect bit: 01101 23 27 1 25 3 0 0 27 26 5 4 26 26 4 4 25 1 32 23 -> 0 = 24 23 -> 1 = 25 28 24 -> 0 = 26 24 -> 1 = 27 32 30 31 31 1 25 -> 0 = 28 25 -> 1 = 29 26 -> 0 = 30 26 -> 1 = 31 16

Experimental results Image Scheme EL = 1 EC PSNR 0. 14 49. 27 EL = 3 EC PSNR 0. 47 42. 71 EL = 5 EC PSNR 0. 65 39. 56 EL = 7 EC PSNR 0. 73 37. 61 EL = 9 EC PSNR 0. 77 36. 38 0. 33 43. 33 0. 59 38. 84 0. 7 36. 64 0. 76 35. 23 0. 79 34. 21 Baboon Propose d Luo et al. 0. 03 50. 65 0. 09 44. 23 0. 17 40. 25 37. 38 0. 33 35. 2 0. 09 42. 62 0. 19 36. 99 0. 29 33. 86 0. 37 31. 75 0. 43 30. 18 Pepper Propose d Luo et al. 0. 07 49. 97 0. 28 43. 14 0. 49 39. 2 0. 63 36. 83 0. 72 35. 34 0. 23 43. 03 0. 48 38. 12 0. 63 35. 72 0. 72 34. 26 0. 77 33. 25 Elaine Propose d Luo et al. 0. 06 50. 21 0. 19 43. 64 0. 34 39. 59 0. 48 36. 74 0. 61 34. 69 0. 18 42. 89 0. 38 37. 68 0. 54 35. 01 0. 65 33. 36 0. 74 32. 26 0. 06 50. 13 0. 22 43. 47 0. 38 39. 45 0. 51 36. 79 0. 61 34. 93 0. 18 42. 88 0. 38 37. 68 0. 52 34. 97 0. 61 33. 23 0. 68 31. 98 Lena Boat Propose d Luo et al. Comparison of our scheme and Luo et al. ’s scheme with 4 × 4 block partition. Barbara Propose d Luo et al. 0. 08 49. 98 0. 28 43. 29 0. 43 39. 61 0. 52 37. 21 0. 58 35. 42 0. 19 42. 9 0. 37 37. 7 0. 48 34. 88 0. 55 32. 97 0. 6 31. 53 17

Experimental results 18

Experimental results 19

Conclusion Pixel Value Grouping(PVG) 20

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