Requirements on a standardized mobile device ecorating Dr
Requirements on a standardized mobile device eco-rating Dr. Anders S. G. Andrae, Huawei HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD. www. huawei. com
Requirements on a standardized mobile device eco-rating www. huawei. com Author/ Email: Dr. Anders Andrae/anders. andrae@huawei. com HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD.
The growing importance of greening mobile end-user devices On average 1 ton mobile phone scrap could include • 128 kg copper • 0. 347 kg gold • 0. 15 kg palladium • 3. 63 kg silver • 15 kg nickel • 6 kg lead • 1 kg antimony • 10 kg tin (from Navazo et al. Forthcoming) q. In 2014 scrapped mobile phones, smartphones, and tablets could add ≈0. 234 million tonnes scrap. q. Annual global municipal solid waste generation is ≈1. 3 billion tonnes. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD. Adapted from Andrae, A. S. G, & Corcoran, P. M. (2013). Emerging Trends in Electricity Consumption for Consumer ICT. 3
Perspective on Device electricity (TWhrs) in 2012 25000 23192 20000 3 % of ICT 15000 Use 10000 . . . T AL IC LD R O TA L W TO TA EV D TA L L ES IC bl et Ta Manufac turing TO M F+ 854 244 1489335 s 29 ar tp tp ho n es . . . ho 5 23 R +B ud ge La pt op s 0 2 10 TO 67 27 Sm 5000 Adapted from Andrae, A. S. G, & Corcoran, P. M. (2013). Emerging Trends in Electricity Consumption for Consumer ICT. Ge. SI SMARTer 2020 report from Ge. SI show similar result. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD. 4
Recommended Criteria for ITU-T on Eco-Rating ERs range from satisfyingly transparent (understandable which input gives a certain output) to black box (not fully clear how the ER works) VDF/TF new eco-rating is a very good basis/concrete tool to finish the Recommendation in 2013 in a unified and transparent manner. l Comments on ”LIFE CYCLE, Basic LCA”: q More transparency on how CO 2 e, water, and resources are evaluated. q Add Location of Production of Screen, IC, PCB, and type of Screen for more sophistication. Robust criteria from other ER could be added. q l Use stage scenario not clear. Comments on ”RESPONSIBLE DESIGN”: q More options needed for certain questions due to diversity of phones. q “Usage of Bioplastics” should be added as a criterion. q ” Fully separable” packaging materials unclear. q “Pure material stream” needs to be defined according to some standard. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD. 5
Issues Current Eco-Rating vs LCA The difference is due to representative data better reflecting the upstream than current Eco. Ratings Difference between vendor LCA CO 2 and Eco-Rating CO 2 for same model 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD. Full vendor LCA CO 2 Eco-Rating CO 2 6
Issues Current Eco-Rating CO 2 vs LCA CO 2 Issue 1: Differences between vendors CO 2 e scores based on LCA and CO 2 e scores based on ”locked” ER metrics. q Current ≈16 criteria are not enough to describe the life cycle impact of different vendors mobile device models. q Add choices which help the vendor to reflect the reality of the upstream and downstream in a better way Issue 2: Difference in CO 2 e score for same model for different ER p Found a 20% difference in CO 2 e scores for different ER ”Life Cycle” section for the same phone model p Spread of ”problem” not investigated HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD. 7
Overall issues for vendors l Clarity p It should be totally clear for individual vendors (manufacturers) how a certain ER is obtained. l Transparency p E. g. it shall be understood explicitly which CO 2 e score gives a certain ER for the corresponding Specification (e. g. 40 kg CO 2 e gives 2. 1 for Basic LCA). l Validation p Clarify how the validation is done for each Specification (e. g. Responsible Design) and Criteria (e. g. Proportion of Pure material stream which can be separated) HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD. 8
Requirements & Suggestions l Requirements p Add LCA elements for further diversification between devices. p Any Criterion which cannot be easily validated needs to go. p Each operator should make totally clear for individual vendors (manufacturers) how a certain ER is obtained. l Suggestions: p Fully calculated examples of some imaginary phones will help for black-box oriented ER schemes p Analyse further differences between vendors CO 2 e scores based on ”full” LCA and CO 2 e scores based on ”locked” ER metrics (e. g. kg CO 2 e/touch screen area). p Analyse further differences between vendors models in between different ERs. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD. 9
Thank you HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. , LTD. 10
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