Reptiles Body structure Skeleton almost entirely made of

Reptiles • Body structure: - Skeleton almost entirely made of bone Atlas and axis (first two parts cervical vertebrae) allow head to move more freely Ribs fixed to the vertebrae Covered in dry skin and scales • Gas exchange through lungs, although some absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide using other parts of the body • Ectothermic • Internal fertilization • Development: - External Amniotic egg surrounded by a protective shell

Reptiles Cont. • Heart: - 3 or 4 chambered - Two atriums, one ventricle - Ventricle is seperated by an incomplete septum - Left side of ventricle used for arterial blood - Right side used for venous blood - Mixture of oxygenized and deoxygenized blood in the ventricle. • Subgroups -Crocodilia: crocodiles, alligators, dinosaurs -Sphenodonita: tuataras -Squamata: snakes, lizards -Testudines: tortoises, turtles

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