REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Class Notes Male Reproductive System The

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Class Notes

Male Reproductive System • The main functions of the Male Reproductive System include: • 1) Produce, maintain and transport sperm. • 2) Produce and secrete male sex hormones.

Male Reproductive System • Parts of the Male Reproductive System include: • 1) Penis • 2) Scrotum • 3) Testicles • 4) Epididymis • 5) Vas Deferens • 6) Prostate Gland • 7) Urethra

Penis • The penis is the male organ used in sexual intercourse.

Scrotum • The scrotum are sacs that contain the testes.

Testicles • Located inside the scrotum and make testosterone as well as generate sperm.

Epididymis • The epididymis is a tube located on each testicle that transports sperm and brings them to maturity.

Vas Deferens • Vas Deferens are long muscular tubes that travel from the epididymis to the pelvic cavity. They send mature sperm through the urethra.

Urethra • The urethra transport both urine and sperm.

Prostate Gland • The prostate gland produces fluids that nourish the sperm.

Female Reproductive System • The functions of the female reproductive system include: • 1) produce egg cells necessary for reproduction, called ova or oocytes. • 2) to house, nourish and birth offspring.

Female Reproductive System • Parts of the Female Reproductive System include: • 1) Ovaries • 2) Fallopian Tubes • 3) Uterus • 4) Cervix • 5) Vagina

Vagina • The vagina is a canal that joins the cervix to the outside of the body. It is known as the birthing canal.

Uterus • The uterus is also called the womb. • It consists of two parts the cervix and the corpus. • The corpus is the upper part of the uterus and it is where the baby is developed. It expands as the baby grows. • The cervix is the lower part of the uterus and it opens into the vagina. It is a channel for sperm and menstrual blood as well.

Ovaries • Ovaries are located on either side of the uterus and produce eggs and hormones.

Fallopian Tubes • Fallopian Tubes are tunnels to travel from the ovaries to the uterus.

Conception • Conception is the fertilization of an egg by a sperm. • The egg then implants into the uterus wall to begin the initial stages of pregnancy. • Conception usually occurs in the Fallopian Tubes. • If fertilization does not occur, then menstruation takes place. Menstruation is when the body removes the unfertilized uterus wall.

Fertilization to Birth • Day 1 – Fertilization; all human chromosomes present. • Day 6 – Embryo begins implantation into the uterus. • Day 22 – Heart is able to be detected. • Week 3 – Spinal Cord and Nervous System starts to form as well as the liver, kidneys and intestines. • Week 4 – The baby is 10, 000 times larger than at fertilization. • Week 5 – Eyes, legs and hands begin to develop. • Week 6 – Brain waves are detectable. Mouth and lips are present.

Fertilization to Birth • Week 7 – The baby is kicking and swimming. • Week 8 – The bones begin to form and the baby can hear. • Week 9 and 10 – The baby can grasp objects. All organ systems are functioning. Baby can hiccup and teeth form. • Weeks 11 through 14 – Vocal cords are complete. The baby can suck its thumb. The heart pumps several quarts of blood everyday. • Month 4 – Bone marrow forms. The baby is 8 – 10 inches long and weighs ½ a pound. The baby can dream.

Fertilization to Birth • Month 5 and 6 – Lungs continue to develop. Mom can now feel baby kicking, moving and hiccupping. The baby is 12 inches long. • Months 7 through 9 – Immune system develops. All systems continue to develop preparing for delivery. • Approximately 1 week before birth the baby stops growing and drops usually head down into the pelvic cavity.