Reproductive Health Concerns Bacterial Chlamydia Infects reproductive organs

Reproductive Health Concerns

Bacterial

Chlamydia • Infects reproductive organs and causes a mucus discharge • More new cases of chlamydia than any other STD • Symptoms: ▫ Females: pain during urination, vaginal discharge or bleeding, pelvic pain ▫ Males: pain during urination, discharge from penis. • Treatmnet: ▫ Antibiotics • Untreated: ▫ Females: infertility, pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, PID ▫ Males: can injure reproductive organs, swolllen and tender testicles. ▫ Infants: illness, blindness

Gonorrhea • Infects mucus membranes. • Symptoms: ▫ Females: often no obvious signs, pain during urination, vaginal discharge or bleeding, pain in abdomen. ▫ Males: Pain during urination, discharge from the penis. • Treatment: ▫ Antibiotics, becoming more difficult to treat because bacterial is changing. • Untreated: ▫ Females: PID, ectopic pregnancies, infertility. ▫ Males: scarring of the urethra, difficulty urinating, painful swelling of testicles, infertility. ▫ Infants: blindness, joint infection, life-threatening blood infection.

Syphillis • Can cause ulcers or chancres, damages nervous system and other body organs. • Symptoms: ▫ Phase 1 (10 -90 days) – painless ulcers where bacteria entered. ▫ Phase 2 (2 to 8 wks) – fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, joint pain, muscle ashes. ▫ Phase 3 (2 years or more) – heart and nervous system damage, blindness, loss of mental abilities, possible death. • Treatment: ▫ Antibiotics, can be cured in the early stages. • Untreated: ▫ Mental and phyical disabilities. ▫ Infants – premature birth, severe mental disabilities, deafness, death.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) • Inflammation of the upper female reproductive tract caused by migration of infection from vagina. • Symptoms: ▫ Pain in the pelvic region, vaginal discharge, long and painful menstrual periods, fever, painful urniation, nausea. • Treatment: ▫ Antibiotics, surgery may be needed if infection is left untreated. • Untreated: ▫ Scars in the fallopian tubes or uterus, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, chronic pelvic pain.

Parasite

Pubic Lice (crabs) • Lice in the pubic hair that crawl on skin and lay eggs on the hairs. • Symptoms: ▫ Intense itching in the pubic area. • Treatment: ▫ Medication can kill the lice. ▫ Wash all bed linens and clothes. • Untreated: ▫ Skin damage can occur.

Scabies • Tiny mites that burrow into the skin. • Symptoms: ▫ Intense itching in the infected area. • Treatment: ▫ Medication can kill the mites, wash all bed linens and clothes. • Untreated: ▫ Skin damage can occur

Trichomoniasis • Caused by a protozoan. • Symptoms: ▫ Females – itching, discharge from the vagina, painful urination. ▫ Males – usually no symptoms. • Treatment: ▫ Can be cured with a prescribed medicine. • Untreated: ▫ Females – bladder and urethral infections, premature birth. ▫ Males – inflammed urethra.

Viral

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) • Can cuase genital warts and cervical cancer. • Symptoms: ▫ Females – genital and anal warts, abnormal papsmear. ▫ Males – genital and anal warts. • Treatment: ▫ No treatment, warts can be treated b surgical removal, freezing or medication. ▫ Vaccine for women against the 4 types of HPV that causes most genital warts and cancers. • Untreated: ▫ Cervical cancer, genital cancers.

Hepatitis • Inflammation of the liver. • Both B and C can be sexually transmitted. • Symptoms: ▫ Jaundice, tiredness and muscle ashes, fever, dark urine. • Treatment: ▫ No cure, medications may help stop spread of virus. ▫ Vaccdine available for A and B • Untreated: ▫ Liver damage, failure, cancer, premature death.

Genital Herpes • 2 types of herpes simplex virus HSV-1 and HSV-2 • Symptoms: ▫ HSV- 1 - cold sores and blisters usually occur aourn the mouth. ▫ HSV-2 – red bumps, blisters and sores on or around genitals, fever, swollen lymph nodes. • Treatment: ▫ No cure, antiviral medications can shorten outbreaks and reduce their frequency. • Untreated: ▫ Infected for life, can pass on to baby infections of liver, brain, skin, eyes, mouth, can lead to death.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) • Infects cells of the immune system and causes AIDS. • Symptoms: ▫ Phase 1 (initial exposure to 10 yrs) – fatigue, weight loss, fever, diarrhea, swollen lymph nodes. ▫ Phase 2 – phase 1 symptoms, forgetfulness, difficulty thinking. ▫ Phase 3 – weakened immune system, infections, weight loss. • Treatment: ▫ No cure, a combination of drugs can delay the start of serious symptoms. • Untreated: ▫ Malnutrition, loss of mobility, opportunistic infections, cancer, premature death.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) • From HIV; progressively reduces the immune system. • Symptoms: ▫ Less than 200 T cells. ▫ Symptoms from opportunistic diseases. • Treatment: ▫ Antiviral therapy ▫ Medication for symptoms of other illnesses. • Untreated: ▫ Death