REPRODUCTION Unit 3 Lesson 3 Pgs 186 191

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be

• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon

“Hoot, Hoot” “Good Luck!” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Pg. 186 l What is Asexual Reproduction? Asexual reproduction: one organism produces one or

• A few ways animals reproduce without two parents. Copyright © 2010 Ryan

• Warning! Real Images of bacteria Reproduction!

“Please don’t watch me. ” “Fission is so awkward. ”

Pg. 187 l Binary Fission: The process by which bacteria multiplies by splitting in

Pg. 187 Budding During budding, an organism develops tiny buds on its body. l

l Other Animal Examples: Sea Sponges, Coral Offspring

Pg. 189 Fragmentation Tapeworms can reproduce asexually by fragmentation. l Each segment of the

l Fragmentation: As certain tiny worms grow to full size, they spontaneously break up

Pg. 189 l Organisms Regeneration such as starfish reproduce asexually by regeneration.

Pg. 187 Spores A spore is a specialized cell that can survive harsh conditions.

Pg. 187 l l Vegetative Reproduction (PLANTS) Some plants can reproduce asexually. Runners are

Pg. 188 l What is Sexual Reproduction? In sexual reproduction, 2 parents each contribute

Pg. 188 Fertilization One parent is male and the other is female l Males

• Sexual Reproduction: Genetic material from two different individuals combines into a genetically

l All plants can reproduce sexually (two parents). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

l All plants undergo sexual reproduction (two parents). l When the sperm (pollen) and

l Gymnosperm: Non-flowering, seeds usually arranged on a cone. The cone is the reproductive

• Which cone is the male cone, and cone is the female cone?

• Which is the male cone (pollen producer), and which is female (egg)?

• Try again, Which is male, and which is female. Copyright © 2010

l Flower: The reproductive organ of a flowering plant that makes the seed. Copyright

• What does the perfect flower look like? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P.

• A Perfect Flower: A flower that has both the male parts and

• Imperfect Flower: A flower that has either all male parts or all

l Parts of a Flower l Stamen ll- – Male part of flower

l Parts of a Flower l Stamen – Male part of flower l Filament:

l Anther: pollen. Part of the stamen that holds the

• Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the

Anther Stamen (Male) filament Pistil (Female)

Stigma Anther Stamen (Male) filament Pistil (Female)

Stigma Anther Style Stamen (Male) filament Pistil (Female)

Stigma Anther Style Stamen (Male) filament Pistil (Female) Ovule (Egg)

l Petal: The colorful, often bright part of the flower. l They attract pollinators.

Stigma Anther Style Stamen (Male) filament Sepal Receptacle Pistil (Female) Ovule (Egg)

This is how you see the flower. This is how many insects see the

• Which animation is sexual reproduction and which is asexual? Copyright © 2010

Sexual Reproduction Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Pg. 190 l Advantages of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction Advantages of Asexual Reproduction l

Advantages of Using BOTH Types of Reproduction l Some organisms can use both types

Slides: 140

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REPRODUCTION Unit 3, Lesson 3 Pgs. 186 -191

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded or highlighted in your science book. – You will see an image of a page in your book when it is necessary to highlight! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. • BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Asexual Reproduction

Pg. 186 l What is Asexual Reproduction? Asexual reproduction: one organism produces one or more new organisms that are identical to itself. The organism that produces the new organism is called parent l Each new organism is called an l offspring. The offspring produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent. l They can only be different if a genetic mutation happens! l Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

TYPES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• Warning! Real Images of bacteria Reproduction!

“Please don’t watch me. ” “Fission is so awkward. ”

Pg. 187 Budding During budding, an organism develops tiny buds on its body. l A bud grows until it forms a new full-sized organism that is genetically identical to the parent l Yeasts and Hydras reproduce by by budding. l

l Other Animal Examples: Sea Sponges, Coral Offspring

l Fragmentation: As certain tiny worms grow to full size, they spontaneously break up into 8 or 9 pieces. Each of these fragments develops into a mature worm, and the process is repeated. (Ex: Planaria (flatworms) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Pg. 189 l Organisms Regeneration such as starfish reproduce asexually by regeneration.

Regeneration of Body Parts

Pg. 187 Spores A spore is a specialized cell that can survive harsh conditions. l Produced asexually by one parent l Can develop into an organism, such as a fungus l

Pg. 187 l l Vegetative Reproduction (PLANTS) Some plants can reproduce asexually. Runners are aboveground stems from which new plants can grow Tubers are underground stems from which new plants can grow Plantlets are tiny plants that grow along the edges of plant leaves

Runners

Tubers

Plantlets

Pg. 188 l What is Sexual Reproduction? In sexual reproduction, 2 parents each contribute a sex cell to the new organism. Half the genes in the offspring come from each parent l Offspring is NOT identical to either parent l They have a combination of traits from each parent l Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Pg. 188 Fertilization One parent is male and the other is female l Males produce sperm cells l Females produce eggs l Sex cells are produced by a type of cell division called meiosis l l Sex cells only have HALF of the genetic material A sperm cell and an egg join together in a process called Fertilization. l When an egg is fertilized by a sperm, a new cell is formed l Called a Zygote, which develops into a new organism by mitosis l Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Wow!, That’s a big cone!

“I could sure go for a sno-cone. ”

Look at the size of this cone.

One Big Cone

l Area of Focus: Parts of a Flower.

Full to half a page needed

l Parts of a Flower l Stamen ll- – Male part of flower

l Parts of a Flower l Stamen – Male part of flower l Filament: Supports the anther.

l Filament: Supports the anther.

l Parts of a Flower l Stamen – Male part of flower l Filament: Supports the anther l Anther: Part of the stamen that holds the pollen.

l Anther: pollen. Part of the stamen that holds the

Stamen (Male)

Stamen (Male) filament

Anther Stamen (Male) filament

• Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen?

• Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen? and the anther is…

• Which is the filament, and which is the anther? Where is the pollen?

l Parts of a Flower l Stamen – Male part of flower l Filament: Supports the anther l Anther: Part of the stamen that holds the pollen. l Pistil: l Female part of flower

l Parts of a Flower l Stamen – Male part of flower l Filament: Supports the anther l Anther: Part of the stamen that holds the pollen. l Pistil: Female part of flower l Stigma: Sticky bulb in the center that receives the pollen grains. l Style: Long stalk that the stigma sits on top of. l Ovary: On bottom of the flower, has the ovules that will become seeds.

Anther Stamen (Male) filament

Anther Stamen (Male) filament Pistil (Female)

Stigma Anther Stamen (Male) filament Pistil (Female)

Stigma Anther Style Stamen (Male) filament Pistil (Female)

Stigma Anther Style Stamen (Male) filament Pistil (Female) Ovule (Egg)

Stigma Anther Style Stamen (Male) filament Sepal Receptacle Pistil (Female) Ovule (Egg)

This is how you see the flower.

This is how you see the flower. This is how many insects see the flower. UV – Ultra Violet Light

Pg. 190 l Advantages of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction Advantages of Asexual Reproduction l Can reproduce quickly l Ensures that favorable traits are passed on to offspring l No need for a partner/mate l All offspring (not just female) can produce more offspring l Pg. 191 Advantages of Sexual Reproduction l Increases genetic variation l l Offspring have different traits that improve the chance that at least some will survive Higher chance of survival

Advantages of Using BOTH Types of Reproduction l Some organisms can use both types of reproduction! l Lets them spread quickly over an area l Increases the chance a species will survive Pg. 119