Reproduction Imaging Quiz Developed by Sorcha Mc Caughley

Reproduction Imaging Quiz Developed by: Sorcha Mc. Caughley & Mark Brims Approved by: Alison King & Maureen Bain Supported by: The Chancellor’s Fund

Reproduction Imaging Quiz START! Developed by: Sorcha Mc. Caughley & Mark Brims Supported by: The Chancellor’s Fund

Reproduction Imaging Male Female • Male Reproduction Q 1 • Male Reproduction Q 2 • Female Reproduction Q 3 • Female Reproduction Q 4

Male Reproduction Q 1 • (i) What is A? B A – Urinary Bladder – Prostate – Testis • (ii) What is B? – Penis – Pelvic Urethra – Spermatic Cord Canine – Contrast Injection • (iii) What is C? – Urinary Bladder – Prostate – Testis C D Canine – Contrast injection - arteries • (iv) What is D? – Os Penis – Pelvic Urethra – Penile Urethra

Correct • Yes! A is the Urinary Bladder! Canine • It appears very white or radioopaque on this image because radiographic contrast medium has been introduced into it. • It is also not completely full which is why the walls appear irregular. • Try (ii)! • Choose a new question. Urinary Bladder

Incorrect • No, A is not the Prostate. • The Prostate is not usually visible on x-rays. • The Prostate surrounds the urethra as it exits the bladder - its location is shown by the circle. • Try again! • Choose a new question.

Incorrect • No, A is not the Testis. • The Testes are found outside the body expect when they have been retained in a condition called Cryptorchidism. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Feline Testes

Correct • Yes! B is the Pelvic Urethra! • The Urethra is not usually visible on x-rays. • It appears very white or radioopaque on this image because radiographic contrast medium has been introduced into it. • It is continuous with the penile urethra • Try (iii)! • Choose a new question. Penile urethra

Incorrect • No, B is not the Penis. • The Root of the Penis is marked on this x-ray. • Try again! • Choose another question. Root of the Penis

Incorrect • No, B is not the Spermatic Cord. • The Spermatic Cord is not visible on x-rays as it is a soft tissue structure and is too small to be seen. • Try again! • Choose another question.

Correct • Yes! C is the Testis! Feline Testes • They are outside the body as gamete production is optimal below body temperature. • Try (iv)! • Choose a new question.

Incorrect • No, C is not the Urinary Bladder. Canine • Remember: the Urinary Bladder is located within the abdomen! • Try again! • Choose a new question. Urinary Bladder

Incorrect • No, C is not the Prostate. • Remember: The Prostate is not usually visible on x-rays. It surrounds the urethra as it exits the bladder - its location is shown by the circle. • Try again! • Choose a new question.

Correct • Yes! D is the Os Penis! • This structure is bone opacity and is therefore visible on xrays. – Remember, only cats and dogs have an Os Penis! • Try Male Reproduction Q 2! • Choose a new question. Os Penis

Incorrect • No, D is not the Pelvic Urethra. • Remember: The Pelvic Urethra is located within the pelvis and becomes the Penile Urethra once it enters the penis. • The urethra is not visible on xrays unless contrast medium has been introduced into it • Try again! • Choose a new question. Pelvic Urethra Penile Urethra Root of the Penis

Incorrect • No, D is not the Penile Urethra. • The Penile Urethra does run through this region but is not visible on x-rays unless contrast medium has been introduced into it. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Penile Urethra

Male Reproduction Q 2 • (i) What type of animal do you think A is from? Contrast Injection B A C – Carnivore – Horse – Ruminant/Boar • (ii) Part B is unique to these animals. What is it? – Sigmoid Flexure – Os Penis • (iii) What species is C? – Cat – Dog • (iv) Is it male or female? – Male – Female

Correct • Yes! A is from a Ruminant! Bovine Penis • Ruminants and Boars have Fibro-elastic penises; as opposed to Musculo-cavernous ones. • Try (ii)! • Choose a new question.

Incorrect • No, A is not from a Carnivore. Canine • Carnivores have Musculocavernous penises with an Os Penis. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Os Penis

Incorrect • No, A is not from a Horse. • Horses have Musculo-cavernous penises like Carnivores but they do not have an Os Penis. • Try again! • Choose a new question.

Correct • Yes! B is the Sigmoid Flexure. • It is palpable caudal to the scrotum in life. • Try (iii)! • Choose a new question. Bovine Sigmoid Flexure

Incorrect • No, B is not the Os Penis. • Ruminants and Boars do not have an Os Penis. Only Carnivores do. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Canine Os Penis

Correct • Yes! C is a Dog! • Remember: the pelvis is more curved in shape in the dog than the cat. • Try (iv)! • Choose a new question. Canine

Incorrect • No, C is not a Cat! • The pelvis in a Cat is more box-shaped than in the dog. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Feline

Correct • Yes! C is a male Dog! • You can see the Os Penis lying to one side of the spine. • Try Female Reproduction Q 3! • Choose a new question. Os Penis

Incorrect • No, C is not a female Dog. • Hint: look carefully in the sacral spine region. • Try again! • Choose a new question.

Female Reproduction Q 3 • (i) What is A? C – Vestibule – Vagina – Body of Uterus • (ii) What is B? B A – Uterine Tubes – Body of Uterus – Horns of Uterus • (iii) What is C? – Ovary – Kidney

Correct • Yes! A is the Vagina! • With the introduction of contrast medium, the muscosal folds are visible • Try (ii)! • Choose a new question. Vagina

Incorrect • No, A is not the vestibule. • Remember: the vestibule is located caudal to the pelvis. • It contains the urethral orifice. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Vestibule

Incorrect • No, A is not the Body of the Uterus. • The Body of the Uterus is located within the abdomen and is much narrower in diameter. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Body of the Uterus

Correct • Yes! B is a Uterine Horn! • There are two Uterine Horns which communicate caudally with the single Uterine Body. • Try (iii)! • Choose a new question. Uterine Horn

Incorrect • No, B is not a Uterine Tube. • There are 2 Uterine Tubes which run between the Ovaries and the Uterine Horns. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Uterine Tube

Incorrect • No, B is not the Body of the Uterus. • The Body of the Uterus is a singular structure and is located in the caudal abdomen between the uterine horns and the cervix. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Body of the Uterus

Correct • Yes! C is an Ovary! • The Ovaries lie close to the caudal poles of the Kidneys. • Try Female Reproduction Q 4! • Choose a new question. Ovary

Incorrect • No, C is not a Kidney. • The Kidneys are much larger structures and are in a more cranial location. • Try again! • Choose a new question. Kidney

Female Reproduction Q 4 • (i) Can you tell what species this is? – Answer. • (ii) Can you tell how many foetuses there are? – Answer.

Answer • This is a Cat! • Remember: The vertebrae are longer and finer than in the dog. Also the feline pelvis is more box-shaped than the dog although only the cranial aspect is visible in this x-ray (box). • Try (ii)! • Choose a new question.

Answer • There are 4 foetuses! • The easiest way to work out the number of foetuses present is to count the skulls. • Back to the Start!