Reproduction Development Review 1 What does this diagram

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Reproduction & Development Review

Reproduction & Development Review

1. What does this diagram represent? chromosome 2. Identify structures A and B. A

1. What does this diagram represent? chromosome 2. Identify structures A and B. A - Chromatids B B - Centromere 3. During what phase of mitosis do chromosomes replicate? Interphase A

A B E C D F 4. What process is represented in the diagram

A B E C D F 4. What process is represented in the diagram above? Mitosis

A B E C D F 5. Describe the 2 daughter cells in stage

A B E C D F 5. Describe the 2 daughter cells in stage F. They have the same # of chromosomes as the parent cell. They are genetically identical to the parent cell.

6. For each of the following pictures, identify the phase of mitosis and what

6. For each of the following pictures, identify the phase of mitosis and what is occurring. The pictures are out of order. Anaphase The chromosomes are pulling apart and moving to opposite poles.

Centrioles Spindle fibers Prophase The nuclear membrane is disappearing. Spindle fibers start to form.

Centrioles Spindle fibers Prophase The nuclear membrane is disappearing. Spindle fibers start to form.

Metaphase Chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cell,

Metaphase Chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cell,

Interphase Chromosomes replicate. Looks like a normal cell.

Interphase Chromosomes replicate. Looks like a normal cell.

Telophase Nuclear membrane has started to form around each set of chromosomes Cytokinesis has

Telophase Nuclear membrane has started to form around each set of chromosomes Cytokinesis has begun (the cell membrane is pinching in).

A B C D E F 7. What process is represented? Mitosis 8. What

A B C D E F 7. What process is represented? Mitosis 8. What type of cells are represented above? Plant cells because they are rectangular

9. Which type of cell division does this diagram represent? Explain your answer. •

9. Which type of cell division does this diagram represent? Explain your answer. • Mitosis, 2 new cells made 10. If organism A contains 8 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would the offspring contain? • 8

A B C D E F 11. If the first cell is made up

A B C D E F 11. If the first cell is made up of 32 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are found in the daughter cells? 32 In mitosis, daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as parent cell.

A B C D E F 12. How is this different from animal cell

A B C D E F 12. How is this different from animal cell mitosis? In plant cell mitosis, cytokinesis occurs as a result of the cell plate forming between the 2 daughter cells. In animal cell mitosis, cytokinesis occurs as a result of the cell membrane pinching in between the 2 daughter cells.

13. Identify each phase of mitosis below. A B Interphase Prophase C D E

13. Identify each phase of mitosis below. A B Interphase Prophase C D E Metaphase Anaphase Telophase F

14. What phase is it? Anaphase Telophase

14. What phase is it? Anaphase Telophase

What phase is it? Anaphase Metaphase

What phase is it? Anaphase Metaphase

What phase is it? prophase Interphase

What phase is it? prophase Interphase

What phase is it? Telophase Metaphase

What phase is it? Telophase Metaphase

 • 15. As a result of mitotic cell division, a cell having 74

• 15. As a result of mitotic cell division, a cell having 74 chromosomes gives rise to two cells each of which has a chromosome number 74 of _______ chromosomes.

16. What is the name of the process represented in the diagram? Binary fission

16. What is the name of the process represented in the diagram? Binary fission 17. What type of cell division is involved? mitosis 18. Identify some organisms that use this process. ameba, paramecia, bacteria 19. What type is reproduction is represented? asexual 20. Describe the offspring of this process. Offspring genetically identical to parent cell.

21. Uncontrolled cell division is known as 1. allergies 2. cancer 3. AIDS 4.

21. Uncontrolled cell division is known as 1. allergies 2. cancer 3. AIDS 4. infectious

A 22. What does structure B represent? centrioles What process does Acytokinesis represent?

A 22. What does structure B represent? centrioles What process does Acytokinesis represent?

23. Identify the phase of mitosis being described: a. Cytokinesis occur telophase b. Chromosomes

23. Identify the phase of mitosis being described: a. Cytokinesis occur telophase b. Chromosomes line up the middle c. Chromosomes replicate metaphase interphase d. Chromosomes get pulled apart anaphase e. Nuclear membrane break down prophase

24. What is the name of the process represented in the diagram? Budding 25.

24. What is the name of the process represented in the diagram? Budding 25. What type of cell division is involved? mitosis 26. Identify some organisms that use this process. Yeast, hydra 27. What type is reproduction is represented? asexual 28. Describe the offspring of this process. Offspring genetically identical to parent cell.

29. Identify each type of asexual reproduction below. Regeneration Budding Vegetative Sporulation propagation Binary

29. Identify each type of asexual reproduction below. Regeneration Budding Vegetative Sporulation propagation Binary fission Vegetative propagation

30. Identify the type of asexual reproduction described. a. An organism grows back a

30. Identify the type of asexual reproduction described. a. An organism grows back a lost body part. regeneration b. Unequal division of cytoplasm. Budding c. Specialized cells are released and eventually develop into a new organisms that are identical to the parent. sporulation d. Asexual reproduction in plants. Vegetative propagation e. Equal division of cytoplasm. Binary fission

31. The type of asexual reproduction in which involves the production of single cells

31. The type of asexual reproduction in which involves the production of single cells by mitosis that are released into the environment is called 1. regeneration 2. binary fission 3. sporulation 4. vegetative propagation

32. The type of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides into to two

32. The type of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides into to two cells that are of equal size is called 1. regeneration 2. binary fission 3. sporulation 4. vegetative propagation

33. Asexual reproduction in plants is known as 1. regeneration 2. vegetative propagation 3.

33. Asexual reproduction in plants is known as 1. regeneration 2. vegetative propagation 3. binary fission 4. sporulation

34. What are the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction? • Asexual repro uses

34. What are the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction? • Asexual repro uses one parent while sexual repro uses 2 parents. • Asexual repro uses mitosis while sexual repro uses meiosis. • Asexual repro produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual repro produces offspring that are similar but NOT genetically identical to the parents (genetic variation). • Sexual repro involves the joining of gametes while asexual repro does not require gametes.

35. What process is represented in the diagram? meiosis 36. Where does this process

35. What process is represented in the diagram? meiosis 36. Where does this process occur? testes 37. How many chromosomes are found in these human gametes? 23

A B 38. What is the difference between process A and process B? A

A B 38. What is the difference between process A and process B? A is mitosis and B is meiosis.

39. What are the differences between mitosis and meiosis? MITOSIS MEIOSIS • Asexual reproduction

39. What are the differences between mitosis and meiosis? MITOSIS MEIOSIS • Asexual reproduction • For producing body cells, growth, repair • New cells – same # of chrom • 1 2 cells (1 division) • IPMAT • Sexual reproduction • For producing sex cells • New cells – ½ chrom • 1 2 4 cells (2 divisions) • I (IPMAT), II (PMAT)

B A SCIENCE 7 A D C E Development of 40. What does this

B A SCIENCE 7 A D C E Development of 40. What does this process represent? an embryo 41. What process do B and C represent? cleavage 42. What does structure E represent? blastula 43. Where in the female reproductive system does this process occur? oviduct

44. What is structure A? How was it produced? zygote • fertilization 45. Which

44. What is structure A? How was it produced? zygote • fertilization 45. Which structures represent cleavage? B, C, D 46. What is structure E? blastula 47. What is structure F? gastrula 48. What process occurs after structure F is formed? differentiation

49. Cells such as nerve cells and muscle cells are known as (1)gametes (2)sex

49. Cells such as nerve cells and muscle cells are known as (1)gametes (2)sex cells (3)somatic cells (4)specialized cells

50. Which statement is true about sexual reproduction? (1)It produces offspring with half the

50. Which statement is true about sexual reproduction? (1)It produces offspring with half the number of chromosomes as the parent. (2)It involves sex cells joining together. (3)It produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parents.

51. The result of meiosis are daughter cells that have (1) half the number

51. The result of meiosis are daughter cells that have (1) half the number of chromosomes (2) a quarter of the number of chromosomes (3) double the number of chromosomes (4) the same number of chromosomes

52. The number of chromosomes found in human gametes is (1) 46 (2) 92

52. The number of chromosomes found in human gametes is (1) 46 (2) 92 (3) 23

53. Sperm cell male They come from 2 parents, so chromosomes mix, this is

53. Sperm cell male They come from 2 parents, so chromosomes mix, this is sexual reproduction.

54. The development of different organs and tissues from the embryonic germ layers is

54. The development of different organs and tissues from the embryonic germ layers is called (1. ) ovulation (2. ) menstruation (3. ) cleavage (4. ) differentiation

55. 56.

55. 56.

57. What kind of fertilization is taking place above? External fertilization 58. Explain why

57. What kind of fertilization is taking place above? External fertilization 58. Explain why so many eggs are released during this process? To increase the chance of fertilization 59. What kind of organisms use this process? Aquatic organisms

60. Identify the process in the diagram on the left. Incomplete Metamorphosis

60. Identify the process in the diagram on the left. Incomplete Metamorphosis

61. The process in which insect species change their body shape form and become

61. The process in which insect species change their body shape form and become adults is known as (1) mitosis (2) metamorphosis (3) meiosis (4) cleavage

62. Metamorphosis in which larva develop inside pupa is known as (1) incomplete metamorphosis

62. Metamorphosis in which larva develop inside pupa is known as (1) incomplete metamorphosis (2) transitional metamorphosis (3) embryonic metamorphosis (4) complete metamorphosis

63. An adaptation for reproduction in most terrestrial organisms is (1) vegetative propagation (2)internal

63. An adaptation for reproduction in most terrestrial organisms is (1) vegetative propagation (2)internal fertilization (3)regeneration (4)mitosis

64. What is this a diagram of? Female reproductive system 65. Identify all the

64. What is this a diagram of? Female reproductive system 65. Identify all the structures labeled. A - oviduct C - vagina B - ovary D - uterus

66. What is the name of the process that produces gametes? (1)Mitosis (2)Binary fission

66. What is the name of the process that produces gametes? (1)Mitosis (2)Binary fission (3)Asexual reproduction (4)Meiosis

67 Sperm cell 68 They are ½ the number.

67 Sperm cell 68 They are ½ the number.

69 22

69 22

70 Sperm cell egg cell

70 Sperm cell egg cell

71 72

71 72

73. What structure produced estrogen and progesterone? B - ovary 74. Where does a

73. What structure produced estrogen and progesterone? B - ovary 74. Where does a zygote develop? D - uterus 75. Where is the egg fertilized? A - oviduct 76. Where does the placenta form? D - uterus

77. Identify all the structures that are labeled. G - ovary H - oviduct

77. Identify all the structures that are labeled. G - ovary H - oviduct I - uterus J – urinary bladder K - vagina

78. Where does fertilization occur? H - oviduct 79. Where does the embryo develop?

78. Where does fertilization occur? H - oviduct 79. Where does the embryo develop? I - uterus 80. Where does the placenta develop? I - uterus

H E F A G C B D 81. Identify the names of all

H E F A G C B D 81. Identify the names of all structures labeled. A – vas deferens B - testes C - urethra D - penis E - gland F - gland G - gland H – urinary bladder

82. Identify the structures labeled. A – urinary bladder B - urethra C -

82. Identify the structures labeled. A – urinary bladder B - urethra C - penis D – vas deferens E - testes F - scrotum

83. Which structure produces sperm cells? Testes 84. Which structure carries sperm and urine

83. Which structure produces sperm cells? Testes 84. Which structure carries sperm and urine out of the body? Urethra 85. Which structures transport sperm from the testes to the urethra? Vas deferens 86. Which structures release fluids that make up semen? Glands 87. Which structure keeps the testes cooler than the rest of the body? Scrotum

88. In the human male, sperm leave the body through the (1. ) urethra

88. In the human male, sperm leave the body through the (1. ) urethra (2. ) testes (3. ) epididymis (4. ) vas deferens

89. In the human male, gametes are produced in the (1. ) prostate gland

89. In the human male, gametes are produced in the (1. ) prostate gland (2. ) testes (3. ) bladder (4. ) urethra

90. Sperm is transported to the urethra by tubes called (1. ) prostate gland

90. Sperm is transported to the urethra by tubes called (1. ) prostate gland (2. ) testes (3. ) bladder (4. ) vas deferens

91. In human males, sperm cells are suspended in a fluid medium. The main

91. In human males, sperm cells are suspended in a fluid medium. The main advantage gained from this adaptation is that the fluid (1. ) activates the egg nucleus so that it begins to divide (2. ) provides currents that propel the egg down the oviduct (3. ) removes polar bodies from the surface of the sperm (4. ) acts as a transport medium for sperm

92. Identify the structures labeled. 1 - cervix 2 – umbilical cord 3 -

92. Identify the structures labeled. 1 - cervix 2 – umbilical cord 3 - placenta 4 - oviduct 5 – amniotic fluid

93. Where did fertilization take place? 4 - oviduct 94. Where does the exchange

93. Where did fertilization take place? 4 - oviduct 94. Where does the exchange of oxygen, nutrients and wastes occur between mother and fetus occur? 3 - placenta 95. What protects the fetus? 5 – amniotic fluid

96. Identify the structures labeled. stigma anther H petal style G filament ovary F

96. Identify the structures labeled. stigma anther H petal style G filament ovary F ovule sepal E

H G F E 97. What is the name of the female reproductive organ?

H G F E 97. What is the name of the female reproductive organ? Pistil 98. What is the name of the male reproductive organ? Stamen

H G F E 99. Which structures make up the pistil? H, G, F

H G F E 99. Which structures make up the pistil? H, G, F A, C 100. Which structures make up the stamen?

101. Which structure produces the male gametes? anther 102. Which structure produces the female

101. Which structure produces the male gametes? anther 102. Which structure produces the female gametes? Eggs are located in the Ovary ovules 103. Which structures attract pollinators? Petals 104. In order for a flower to be pollinated, what does the pollen attach to? Pollen has to stick to the stigma.

105. What process does the diagram represent? Cross pollination

105. What process does the diagram represent? Cross pollination

106. What does structure X represent? Pollen tube 107. What travels down structure X?

106. What does structure X represent? Pollen tube 107. What travels down structure X? Where will it go? • Pollen, into ovules to fertilize eggs

108. What will the ovules eventually develop into once eggs are fertilized? seeds 109.

108. What will the ovules eventually develop into once eggs are fertilized? seeds 109. What will the ovary eventually develop into? fruit

110 111

110 111