REPRODUCTION 101 Male Reproduction Vocabulary Circumcision Surgically removing

REPRODUCTION 101

Male Reproduction Vocabulary • Circumcision: Surgically removing the foreskin of the penis. Done a few hours or few days after birth. • Cowper’s Glands: Two pea sized glands beneath the prostate gland. Job: secrete a clear fluid to neutralize the acidity of the urethra. • Ejaculation: Release of semen and sperm through the urethra and out the penis. • Ejaculatory Duct: A tube which passes into the prostate gland into the urethra. Job: Get Semen where it needs to be. • Epididymis: Located on top of the testicle. Job: Store sperm up to six weeks while they mature. • Epididymitis: Epididymis swells, very painful, caused by STDs, and too tight pants

Male Anatomy

Male Reproduction Vocabulary • Impotence: Inability to get and maintain an erection. Reasons can be emotional or physical. • Nocturnal Emissions (Wet Dreams): Ejaculation of semen while male is asleep. • Penis: Male sex organ Three Jobs: sexual intercourse, reproduction, and urination. • Prostate Gland: Located beneath the bladder. Job: Secrete fluid which neutralizes the acidity of urethra (male) and the vagina (female). • Scrotum: Located on the outside of the body and holds the testicles. Job: Regulate temperature by lowering and raising the testes if they are hot or cold.

Male Anatomy

Male Reproduction Vocabulary • Semen: A fluid made from the Cowper’s Gland, Seminal Vesicles, and Prostate Gland fluids. Job: To carry, nourish and protect the sperm, • Seminal Vesicles: Two glands which secrete nourishing fluid for the sperm. Job: provide food for sperm • Sperm: One hundred times smaller than a pencil dot, smallest cell in the human body, destroyed by warm temperatures, acidic environment, self destructs within 72 hours. Job: to fertilize the ova (egg cell)

Draw the SPERM

Male Reproduction Vocabulary • Testicles: Two small organs approx. size of peach pit, located in the scrotum, Two Jobs: Produce testosterone and produce sperm, four to five billion sperm produced each month. • Testosterone: Male sex hormone Job: Develops secondary sex characteristics such as facial and body hair, deep voice, muscle mass, sex drive • Urethra: Two Jobs: passage of urine and passage of semen and sperm. Urine and sperm don’t mix. • Vas Deferentina/Vas Deferens: Two thin tubes which lead up from the Epididymis and into the urethra. Job: Passage way for sperm and sperm storage until ejaculation takes place. • Vasectomy: Cutting or tying the Vas Deferens. Sterilization and 99. 9% effective.

Internal Female Reproduction Vocabulary • Cervix: Strongest muscle in the female body, opening to the uterus, Job: hold the baby in the uterus. • Uterus: Muscular organ 2”x 3” Job: protect and nourish a developing fetus • Hymen: Ring of tissue inside of the vagina. Job: Protect the opening of the vagina and the internal reproductive organs. • Vagina: Muscular organ 2 -3” long, passage way from uterus to the outside of the body. Three jobs: Menstrual flow, intercourse, birth canal • Oviducts: Two tubes on either side of the ovary which lead to the uterus, Job: fertilization takes place in the upper 1/3, leads egg to the uterus. • Ovaries: Two structures the size of a peach pit Two jobs: Produce Estrogen and Progesterone, hold the ova or eggs, Each ovary has approximately 200, 000 eggs,

Internal Female Anatomy

External Female Reproductive Vocabulary • Vulva: General term for external female anatomy • Mons Pubis: Mound of fatty tissue over the pubic bone, has hair, sensitive to touch. • Labia Majora: Two outer folds of skin, have hair, sensitive to touch Job: Protect the labia minora, vagina, clitoris, urethra • Labia Minora: Two inner folds of skin inside the labia majora, no hair, sensitive to touch, Job: protect the clitoris with clitoral hood. • Urethra: Located below the clitoris, Job: Passage of urine • Clitoris: located under the clitoral hood Job: Pleasure

External Female Anatomy

Female Reproduction Vocabulary • Ova/Ovum: Female reproductive cell, egg • Endometriosis: Uterine lining growing on the outside of the uterus in the abdominal cavity, very painful and can cause infertility. • Endometrium: Lining of the uterus • Hysterectomy: Removal of the uterus and ovaries. • Estrogen: Hormone responsible for secondary sex characteristics, increased body fat, higher voice, breasts, hips, smooth skin.

Endometriosis Female Reproduction Vocabulary

Female Reproduction Vocabulary • Fertilization: (Conception) when egg & sperm unite. Takes place in upper 1/3 of fallopian tube • Orgasm: Massive release of sexual tension, accompanied by pleasurable feelings • Tubal Ligation: Cutting, tying or crimping the fallopian tubes sterilization 99. 9% effective. • D&C: Dilation and curettage. Uterus is scraped out with a curette, a spoon like instrument, done after a miscarriage.

Menstruation Vocabulary • Menstrual Cycle: Avg. Length 28 days, • Menstruation: Passing the dead endometrium lining • Ovulation: Release of an egg • Progesterone: Stimulates the lining of the Uterus to thicken and prepare for fertilized egg • Menopause: No more ovulation, ages: late 40 s through 50 s, must go one full yr. without a cycle • Toxic Shock Syndrome: Caused by Staph. bacteria, can be deadly.

Menstrual Cycle • • • Starts after puberty ages 8 -14 Average is 11 -12 A complete menstrual cycle lasts 24 to 35 days; Avg. length 28 days Occurs each month 14 days after ovulation Menstruation Lasts 3 -7 days

Menstrual Cycle Before Ovulation • Day 1 is the first day of menstrual bleeding (menstruation or menses). Menstrual bleeding occurs when the blood-filled lining of the uterus (endometrium) is shed. • On days 7 through 14 (up to day 21 in a 35 -day menstrual cycle), the lining of the uterus develops and thickens to prepare for pregnancy. What is happening? • Pituitary Gland produces FSH which produces Estrogen to get the uterus ready for a fertilized egg

Menstrual Cycle Ovulation • About 12 to 16 days before the next menstrual period begins, an egg is released from an ovary (ovulation). What is happening? • • Just before ovulation: increased cervical mucous, basal body temp rises, LH surge in blood. Ovulation takes place

Ovulation

Menstrual Cycle After Ovulation • The endometrium prepares for the fertilized egg. • If the egg is not fertilized, the endometrium breaks down and is shed during the next menstrual period. What is happening? • Corpus Luteum is formed over the follicle where the egg was released and forms a temporary endocrine gland. • LSH is produced and stimulates the Corpus Luteum to produce Progesterone which causes the lining of the uterus to thicken. • If fertilization does not take place the Corpus Luteum breaks down and Menstruation happens and the whole things starts over again.

Body Temp Rises and LH Surge Happens Just Before Ovulation

Fertilization Female Reproduction Vocabulary

Size Comparison of Sperm and Egg Male Vocabulary

PMS Pre-menstrual Syndrome

PMS (Pre-Menstrual Syndrome) • PMS: Cluster of symptoms which occur a few days to a couple of weeks before menstruation.

PMS SYMPTOMS • • • EMOTIONAL Depression, Anxiety Anger Fatigue Sadness Fear Inability to cope, feel out of control Teary Forgetfulness Suicidal Insomnia Moody PHYSICAL • • • • Bloating Tender breasts Headache, backache Leg cramps, swelling Chest pain Ovarian pain Decreased alcohol tolerance Seizures Increased appetite, food cravings Clumsiness Acne Insensitivity to noise Herpes outbreak

PMS Pre-Menstrual Syndrome Causes • Hormone imbalance • Stress can make it worse • Vitamin deficiencies Treatment • Change diet – Decrease: salt, fat, alcohol, sugar, caffeine • Exercise • Take Vitamin B 6 • Sleep

Works Cited • Adult Roles and Responsibilities curriculum • Web. MD(Pictures and info). http: //my. webmd. com/webmd_today/home /default. htm