REPORTED SPEECH Reported Speech Reported speech kalimat tidak

REPORTED SPEECH

Reported Speech � Reported speech : � kalimat tidak langsung yang digunakan untuk melaporkan kembali ucapan-ucapan yang diucapkan oleh si pembicara dalam waktu yang berbeda. � Reported speech disebut juga indirect speech. � Example � He said, “I will go to Surabaya tomorrow. ” � He Said that he would go to Surabaya the following day.

� In indirect speech, we use conjunction that, yang berarti “bahwa”. � If the main clause-nya is simple present, present perfect, or simple future, there is no change indirect speech-nya. � Contoh : � “I am very sorry. ” � He will tell you that he is very sorry. � He says to you that he is very sorry. � He has told you that he is very sorry.

Change of Tenses � Jika induk kalimat langsung (direct speech) dalam bentuk past tense, maka kalimat tak langsung (indirect speech) mengalami perubahan tenses sebagai berikut: � DIRECT INDIRECT � Simple present tense simple past tense � Present continuous tense past continuous tense � Present perfect tense past perfect tense � Present perfect continuous tense past perfect continuous tense � Simple past tense past perfect tense � Past continuous tense past perfect continuous tense

� DIRECT � Past perfect tense � Past perfect continuous tense � Simple future tense � Future continuous tense � Future perfect continuous tense INDIRECT past perfect tense past perfect continuous tense simple past future tense past future continuous tense past future perfect continuous tense

Change of auxilary verb � Am/is/are was/were � Will/shall would/should � Can could � May might � Have to/has to had to � Must had to

Change of Adverb � Now � Today � Tonight � Tomorrow � Next week � Last night � A year ago � Here � This � These � Yesterday � then that day that night the following day / next day the following week the night before a year before there that those the day before

Direct Speech & Indirect Speech � Simple Present Tense He said to me, “I am sick. ” � Simple Past Tense He said to me that he was sick. : : � Simple Present Tense : � Andi told me, “I always get up early every day. ” � Simple Past Tense : � Andi told me that he always got up early every day. � Simple Present Tense : � He said to her, “I see you today. ” � Simple Present Tense : � He said to her that he saw her that day.

� Present Continuous Tense : � He said to me, “I am speaking English now. ” � Past Continuous Tense : � He said to me that he was speaking English then. � Present Continuous Tense : � Ahmad told me, “I am studiying English now. ” � Past Continuous Tense : � Ahmad told me that he was studiying English then.

� Present Perfect Tense : � He said to me, “I have read a novel. ” � Past Perfect Tense : � He said to me that he had read a novel. � Present Perfect Tense : � Ahmad told me, “I have written 2 letters. ” � Past Perfect Tense : � Ahmad told me that he had written 2 letters.

� Present Perfect Continuous Tense : � He said, “I have been studying English for 3 hours. ” � Past Perfect Continuous Tense : � He said that he had been studying English for 3 hours. � Present Perfect Continuous Tense : � Anita told me, “I have been staying here for 3 months. ” � Past Perfect Continuous Tense : � Anita told me that she had been staying there for 3 months. �

� Simple Past Tense : � He said, “I visited you last Sunday. ” � Past Perfect Tense : � He said that he had visited you the Sunday before. � Simple Past Tense : � Anita told me, “I studied English last night. ” � Past Perfect Tense : � Anita told me that she had studied English the night before. � Simple Past Tense : � He said to her, “I saw you yesterday. ” � Past Perfect Tense : � He said to her that he had seen her the day before. �

� Past Continous Tense : � He said, “I was watching television when she came. ” � Past Perfect Continuous Tense : � He said that he had been watching television when she had come. � Past Continous Tense : � Anita told me, “I was studying English when he came. ” � Past Perfect Continuous Tense : � Anita told me that she had been studying English when he had come.

� Simple Future Tense : � He said, “I will read the novel tomorrow. ” � Simple Past Future Tense : � He said that he would read the novel the following day. � Simple Future Tense : � Anita told me, “I will study English next week. ” � Simple Past Future Tense : � Anita told me that she would study English the following week.

Exercise 1: Change these direct speech into indirect speech 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. My teacher said, “I ask you to finish this assignment tomorrow” The Minister of Agriculture said, “The government takes some programs of infrastructure to increase agriculture productivity” The broker said, ”Some stocks declined about two point last week” Everybody said , ”Soekarno is the best orator in the world” The marketer said, ”It will be a good year in 2015 because of AEC”

Exercise 2 � Work in pair � Ask your friend about his/ her planning this year (2015), write down his/ her statement � Change his/ her statement (direct speech) into indirect speech!