REPORTED SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH 1 Reported speech 2

REPORTED SPEECH

REPORTED SPEECH 1. Reported speech 2. Up-to –date reporting 3. Reporting in the past 4. Reported questions 5. Indirect questions 6. Reported commands, requests, suggestions

REPORTED SPEECH Direct speech is the exact words that someone said. We use quotation marks in direct speech. E. g. She said, “ I am very happy!” Reported speech is the exact meaning of what someone said. We do not use quotation marks in reported speech. E. g. She said that she was very happy.

REPORTED SPEECH Reporting in the past Up-to –date reporting The tenses can either change or remain The introductory verb is in the same in reported speech the Past Simple and the tenses change Direct speech: He says, “ I have ordered the pizza” Reported speech: He says (that) he has ordered the pizza. Direct speech: He said, “ I have ordered the pizza” Reported speech: He said (that) he had ordered the pizza

REPORTING IN THE PAST Direct speech Reported speech Present Simple She said, “I try to eat less and take regular exercises!” Past simple She said (that) she tried to eat less and take regular exercises Present Continuous Mya said, “I am always catching colds” Present Perfect She said, “I have mowed the lawn. ” Past Continuous Mya said (that) she was always catching colds. Past Perfect She said (that) she had mowed the lawn

REPORTING IN THE PAST Direct speech Reported speech Past simple Nigel said, “I brushed my teeth. ” Past Simple or Past Perfect Nigel said that he (had) brushed his teeth. ” Past Continuous She said, “ He was playing the piano. ” Past Perfect Continuous She said (that) he had been playing the piano Future (will) Ann said, ”I will meet you at 10 o’clock. ” Future in the Past Ann said (that) she would meet me at 10 o’clock. ”

WORDS AND TIME EXPRESSIONS Direct speech now today yesterday tomorrow this week last week next week ago here Reported speech then, immediately that day the day before the next day that week the week before the week after before there

REPORTED QUESTIONS Direct speech Reported speech General question (yes/no) begins with an auxiliary (be, do, have) or a modal verb (can, may, etc) Reported question is Auxiliary verb. He asked, “ Do you want a ride to school? ” if or whether Modal verb “ Could you give me a hand, please? ” he asked. if or whether introduced with if or whether He asked me if I wanted a ride to school? ” He asked whether I could give him a hand.

REPORTED QUESTIONS Direct speech Reported speech Special question (Wquestion) begins with a question word (when, where, what, who, how, etc) Reported question is introduced with the question word (who, when, what, where, how, etc) “Where are you from? ” John asked me where I was from. She asked, “What are you doing now? ” She asked me what I was doing then.

INDIRECT QUESTIONS ARE USED TO ASK FOR INFORMATION OR ADVICE Could you tell me…. ? I wonder…, I want to know…, I doubt… Do you know? e. g. Could you tell me e. g. I wonder if he where the station is? goes to the library every day.

REPORTED COMMANDS, REQUESTS, SUGGESTIONS. , Reported commands, requests, suggestions are introduced with a special introductory verb (advise, ask, beg, suggest, etc) followed by: v to –infinitive e. g. “Be careful” he said to me. He advised me to be careful v -ing form e. g. “Let’s watch a film, ” he said. He suggested watching a film. v that clause e. g. “You had better take an aspirin, ” he said. He suggested that I should take an aspirin.