Reported Speech or indirect speech 1 Whats reported

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Reported Speech or indirect speech 1

Reported Speech or indirect speech 1

What’s reported speech? • Reported speech or indirect speech is a structure used to

What’s reported speech? • Reported speech or indirect speech is a structure used to reproduce what somebody else says. Example - John and Laura are talking about next exams: Laura : When is next English exam? John: Mmmm!!!! I think it’s next Wednesday Later, Judith, another classmate , asks him: Judith: Laura, did you ask John when the English exam is? How will Laura reproduce Joseph’s words? 2

 • What is Laura’s answer? “He said that it was the following Wednesday”

• What is Laura’s answer? “He said that it was the following Wednesday” • Which changes can you see? - the verb : is = was - next Wednesday = the following Wednesday • When a sentence is reported in another place at a different time, and perhaps by another person, there are often grammatical differences between direct and indirect speech: tenses, pronouns and in-time and place expressions. 3

Reported Speech (R. S): Characteristics q The reported speech explains what somebody else has

Reported Speech (R. S): Characteristics q The reported speech explains what somebody else has said. q When using the R. S, the sentence suffers some changes - verb tense (one step backwards to the past) Simple Present ----- Simple Past Present Continuous ----- Past Continuous - pronouns : I ----- he /she we ----they - adverbs of time and place: now ---- then here ---there 4

Reported sentences consist of 2 parts: She + reporting verb + (that) + Sentence

Reported sentences consist of 2 parts: She + reporting verb + (that) + Sentence 2 Sentence 1 She said reported sentence that she was getting married • Reporting verbs: say / tell / explain / ask / suggest / agree / … 5

Statements • Affirmative • Negative Reported Speech Questions • Yes/No questions • Wh questions

Statements • Affirmative • Negative Reported Speech Questions • Yes/No questions • Wh questions Orders, suggestions, advice, offers Exclamations 6

Reported Speech: Statements q We use say and tell + object to introduce the

Reported Speech: Statements q We use say and tell + object to introduce the sentences together with that : Example: D. S Tom said: “My sister has finished her degree project today” R. S Tom said (that) his sister had finished her degree project that day. q that can be omitted q When the sentence expresses likes, dislikes, origins, events etc. we don’t need to change the verbs: Example: D. S Tom told me: “My sister goes to every Coldplay concert. ” R. S Tom told me (that) her sister goes to every Coldplay concert. 7

Exercises: Statements – Change the following Direct speech into Indirect speech 1. “Christmas holidays

Exercises: Statements – Change the following Direct speech into Indirect speech 1. “Christmas holidays will start on 19 th December, ” my father said. My father said that Christmas holidays would start on 19 th December. 2. “I posted the letter last wee. K, ” said the secretary. The secretary said that she had posted the letter the previous week. 3. Sarah said, “I’m starting a new language course to find a better job. ” Sarah said she was starting a new language course to find a better job. 4. “My sister had a baby yesterday!“ Kim announced thar her sister had a baby yesterday / had a baby the day before / on Tuesday. 8