Reported Speech Indirect Speech Reported Speech Statements and

Reported Speech/ Indirect Speech

Reported Speech (Statements and Commands) 1. Tense Simple present--> Simple past Present continuous --> Past continuous Present perfect --> Past perfect Simple past --> Past perfect / Simple past Past continuous --> Past perfect continuous Present perfect continuous --> Past perfect continuous Past perfect --> Past perfect Simple future --> would + infinitive V

Changing the modal verbs shall --- should will--- would may--- might can--- could must--- had to need--- needed

this--that these--those here--there now--then ago--before today--that day tomorrow--the next day/ the following day next week-- the following week yesterday--the day before / the previous day last night--the night before / the previous night tonight--that night at this moment--at that moment

Statement *It always starts with “said”, “added”, “explained”, “replied”, “ shouted” “whispered” e. g. “I don’t know what my sister is thinking now, ” said Sandy said (that) she didn’t know what her sister was thinking then. e. g. “ We may win the match next week, ” said The students said (that) they might win

• Do not change the tenses if the action is always true, is till happening or is in the future. e. g. “Fire is hot, ”he said. He said that fire is hot. (always true) e. g. “ My niece goes to school every day, ” says My aunt says that her niece goes to school every day. e. g. “I study in Keang Peang, ” replied Jenny replied that she studies in Keang Peang. e. g. “ I am going to learn swimming, ” said Jane said that she is going to learn swimming.

Commands / Orders / Instructions/Requests * To start with “told” “asked” “ordered” “requested” “commanded” “advised” “reminded” “warned” “instructed” etc, + “to” or “not to” e. g. “Jenny, sit down, ” said Mr. Chan asked Jenny to sit down. e. g. “Don’t waste your time, ” said my uncle. My uncle asked me not to waste my time.