REPORTED SPEECH Dont Forget Reported Speech is usually

REPORTED SPEECH Don’t Forget…. . !!!!! Reported Speech is usually called ‘Direct and Indirect Speech’. Reported Speech is reported words or sentence that you or a person said before. Direct Speech consists of Reporting Verbs and Reported words. Reporting Verbs Reported Words Ashera says, “I’m very good at English. ” Hymes has said, “I like music very much. ” She said, “We have to study harder. ” By Rusman Butar Remember…. . !!!!! When reporting statements, you have to change: a) Pronouns In reported words, you must change the pronoun depending on who says what. b) Tense If the reporting verb starts in the Present (simple present tense, present future tense, present perfect tense), you don’t have to backshift the tenses in reported words.

c) Place and Time Expressions By Rusman Butar Place and time expressions should be changed in reported words. The changes are: Direct Indirect Now Then Yesterday The day before Last night The night before Last week The week before Two days ago Two days before Five years ago Five years before Tomorrow The following day Next week The following week This That These Those Here There Over there d) Connector

Application: 1) If the Reporting verb is in the Simple Present Tense, Future Tense, or Present Perfect, so in reported words there is no backshift of tense. Example: Hymes says, “I like music very much. ” (direct) Prono 3 rd Person un Singular Hymes says that he likes music very much. (indirect) Connec tor By Rusman Butar 2) If the Reporting verb is in the Simple Past Tense, Past Future Tense, or Past Perfect, so in reported words backshift of tense is needed. a) b) c) d) e) Simple Present Tense Present Continuous Tense Future Tense Prono Simple Past Tense un Present Perfect Tense Example: Reporting verb is in past tense. S O Simple Past Tense Past Continuous Tense Past Future Tense Past Perfect Tense Reported word backshift to Past Perfect past. Tense tense

Application: 3) If the Reported word is in the ‘Yes-No Question’, so in the reported word you use connector “If” or “Whether”. Example: Hymes asked me, “Do you really love me. ” (direct) whether Prono un Objective Pronoun Hymes asked me if I really loved him. (indirect) Connec tor 4) If the Reported word is in the ‘Question-Word Question’, so in reported words you use the question-word question itself as the connector. Example: Statement is in Reported word is in By Rusman Butar present tense Past tense S O Ashera asked me, “Who are you? ” Reporting verb is in Question-Word past tense me who asked I was. question Connec ter Ashera

Application: 5) If the Reported word is in the ‘Imperative sentence’, so in the reported word you add “to” in front of that imperative sentence without using “that” anymore. Example: Hymes ordered me, “Close the door!” (direct) Imperative sentence Hymes ordered me to close the door. (indirect) 6) If the Reported word is in the ‘Prohibition statement’, so in reported words you use add “Not to” in front of that prohibition statement without using “that” anymore. Example: S O By Rusman Butar Reporting verb is in past tense Prohibiti on Hymes said to me, “Don’t use my car!” not to use his car. Hymes told me

By Rusman Butar

Exercise By Rusman Butar Change the following Sentences into Indirect or Reported Speech! 1) Ashera asked me, “Where do you live me? ” 2) Hymes asked me, “Do you know Mr. Roy Kiyosi? ” 3) He told me, “Don’t cry!” 4) She begged me, “Please, stay with me!” 5) Ashera tells me, “I hate him” Choose the correct words from the brackets! 1) I ask him what she (want, wanted, wants) 2) No body knows how old she (was, is, has) 3) Hymes asked me what my name (is, was, has) Change the following sentences into direct speech! 1) Ashera said that she was very tired. 2) Hymes asked me if I had finished my homework.