Report of the Historian Andreas Gohritz FESSH Congress

Report of the Historian Andreas Gohritz FESSH Congress 2010 Bukarest, June 22 -25, 2010

Nicolaus Rüdinger (*1832 +1896) Barber, Surgeon, Anatomist Munich, Germany • 1 st Photographical Atlas in Anatomy (1871) • Embalmed Ludwig II (1888)

Joint denervation Upper extremity • Shoulder • Elbow • Wrist • Finger joints • Thumb joints Lower extremity • Knee • Sinus tarsi Lee A. Dellon

“The Joint Nerves of the Human Body“ (1847) “ there is only here and there mention of nerve branches going to a joint …“

FESSH 2010, Bukarest Instructional Course: History of Microsurgery in Hand Mutilation – The European Perspective Andreas Gohritz, Edgar Biemer Hannover, Munich / Germany

Prehistory Myth of Saints Cosmas and Damian transplanting the leg of a servant to an esteemed churchman

Early Development of Microvascular Techniques Themistokles Gluck Alexis Carrel Carl-Olof Nylen

Double upper arm allotransplantation in Munich, July 2008 Performed by plastic surgeons led by C. Hoehnke / E. Biemer

Edgar Biemer – 40 years of Microsurgery in Europe Chir Main (2010) Current series on Pioneers of Hand Surgery with Tubiana, Pulvertaft, Moberg, …

Invited Lecture: Themistocles Gluck (1853 -1942) an early Romanio-German visionary of replacement surgery

Gluck‘s innovations Nerve sutures / tx / tubes Joint prosthesis • Shoulder / Wrist • Knee / Ankle Biocompatibility / Allografts Experimental animal studies Organ resection / substituion Surgery of the larynx Vessel surgery (before Carrel) Anticoagulation (leech extract)

Resistance of contemporaries • splendid ideas heavily opposed by German surgical establishment • “I cannot allow that you discredit German science …, my pupils and I will fight you with all means” (von Bergmann, 1891)

„Many reasons may favour going with the stream of tradition – yet original natures form their own ideas and follow them, even if those may not be translated immediately into practical facts. “ Themistokles Gluck (1931)

Who Was the First in History to Treat Radial Palsy by Tendon Transfer? Korteweg et al. PRS 2010; 125: 756 Tomasz Z. Drobnik (Poland, *1858 +1901), 1894: ECRL EDC, ECRB (partial) EPL HOWEVER Patient with Poliomyelitis !

Who Was Really the First in History to Treat Radial Palsy by Tendon Transfer? Felix Franke (*1860 +1937) 8 -y-old patient with radial palsy (e-physiologically confirmed) FCU EDC, FCR APL / EPB, Tenodesis ECRL/B 1 st idea: Franke F. Ueber Sehnenüberpflanzung. Arch Klin Chir 1896; 52: 87 -91.

Felix Franke. Ueber die operative Behandlung der Radialislähmung nebst Bemerkungen über die Sehnenverpflanzung bei spastischen Lähmungen. Arch Klin Chir 1898; 57: 763 „ … I have the right to say that there is no incurable radial palsy any more, at least if there is either the median or ulnar nerve unparalyzed“. Reply: accepted in Plast Reconstr Surg

Thank you for your kind attention FESSH Congress 2010 Bukarest, June 22 -25, 2010