Renewable Electrolysis Integration Validation and Demonstration Kevin W

Renewable Electrolysis: Integration, Validation and Demonstration Kevin W. Harrison National Renewable Energy Laboratory 2008 NHA Annual Conference Ramping up Commercialization March 31, 2008 This presentation does not contain any proprietary or confidential information.

Presentation Outline • • Background Integration Test & Validation Wind to Hydrogen Demonstration • Path Forward

US DOE Hydrogen Production Goals Distributed electrolysis • By 2012, reduce the cost of distributed production of hydrogen from distributed electrolysis to $3. 70/gge of H 2 (delivered) at the pump. • By 2017, reduce the cost of distributed production of hydrogen from distributed electrolysis to <$3. 00/gge of H 2 (delivered) at the pump. Central electrolysis • By 2012, reduce the cost of central production of hydrogen from wind electrolysis to $3. 10/gge of H 2 at plant gate ($4. 80/gge delivered), • By 2017, reduce the cost of central production of hydrogen from wind electrolysis to <$2. 00/gge of H 2 at plant gate (<$3. 00/gge delivered).

Why Renewable Electrolysis Makes Sense

Project Objectives • Characterize electrolyzer performance • Design, build and test shared power electronics • Identify opportunities for system cost reduction and optimization • Test, evaluate and model the renewable electrolysis system

Project Tasks Systems Engineering, Modeling, and Analysis Develop concept platforms, develop and validate component and system models, system assessment, and optimization tools System Integration and Component Development Work with industry to develop new advanced hardware and control strategies to couple renewable and electrolyzer systems. Characterization Testing and Protocol Development Equipment installation, performance characterization, and standard test procedure development

Power Converter Design • AC/DC - 10 k. W wind turbine • DC/DC - 10 k. W PV • Isolated DC/DC - 30 k. W

an to ned G G en e 3 n 2 Pl en 2 o. G t 1 n e G Gen 1 Energy Capture

Test & Validation • Performance under varying stack power • Stack & System Efficiency • Standardized Test Protocol • Industry feedback through WEWG, HUG and IEA NV 4 P Hydrogen Generator Grid V DC Power AC Loads V, I, pf, Harmonics NV 3 F H 2 Product NV 1 BPR V RE Source IC DP Adjustment: 25% to 100% full scale stack current A NV 2 A F Phase Separation & Drying Desiccant H 2/H 2 O R Stack Ti F To Phase Separation BPR H 2 Waste O 2/H 2 Ov H 2 O Input

Detailed Test & Validation Giner Electrochemical Systems, 1000 psig, 67% (HHV).

Xcel-NREL Wind 2 H 2 Collaboration Wind Turbine 100 k. W Compressor Alkaline and PEM Electrolyzers Utility Grid Genset AC-DC and DC-DC Converters Storage Fueling Station (Future) Benefits of the Collaboration: • Examine benefit to utility by shifting wind production in time • Research optimal wind/hydrogen through systems engineering • Characterize and control wind turbine and H 2 -producing stack • Evaluate synergies from co-production of electricity and hydrogen • Compare alkaline and PEM electrolyzer technologies • Realize efficiency gains though a unique integrated PE

Xcel-NREL Wind 2 H 2 Collaboration Dick Kelly (Xcel) and Dan Arvizu (NREL) shake hands after pushing button to light H 2 sign and dedicate system.

Xcel-NREL Wind 2 H 2 Collaboration Component Integration • Electrolyzers of both PEM and alkaline technologies. • Ability to accommodate the varying energy input from wind and PV

Utility Connected

Power Converter Integration Bergey 10 k. W Wind Turbine 10 k. W PV array AC-DC Converter DC-DC Converter

Isolated DC/DC Design

Added Value from Collaboration • Inter-project collaboration, data sharing and safety • Welcome additional partners to the informal renewable electrolysis collaborative Fort Collins Utilities & Colorado OEMC Basin Electric Wind Farm SCADA control UND/EERC DOE NREL High-Pressure Electrolysis Vehicle Fueling Station & FC Hydrogen/Natural Gas Mixing University Anhydrous Ammonia Production Vehicle Fueling of Minnesota HUG, WEWG, IEA

Path Forward • Operation of Wind 2 H 2 Project for baseline data collection and 10 k. W PV and 10 k. W wind • Final testing of high-pressure PEM electrolyzer • Electrolyzer component-level modeling • Design, built and test PE for 100 k. W wind turbine to 30 k. W electrolyzer stack • Complete standard test protocol development for renewable-electrolyzer performance and operation www. nrel. gov/hydrogen/proj_production_delivery. html#renew

Thank You