Remote Sensing Photogrammetry W 2 Beata Hejmanowska Building

Remote Sensing & Photogrammetry W 2 Beata Hejmanowska Building C 4, room 212, phone: +4812 617 22 72 605 061 510 galia@agh. edu. pl 1

LANDSAT • • • LANDSAT Orbit LANDSAT 4, 5 MSS Sensor Characteristics LANDSAT TM, ETM+ Sensor Characteristics Ban d Wavelength (µm) Resolution (m) Blue 1 0. 45 - 0. 52 30 Green 2 0. 52 - 0. 60 30 Red 3 0. 63 - 0. 69 30 Near IR 4 0. 76 - 0. 90 30 SWIR 5 1. 55 - 1. 75 30 Thermal IR 6 10. 40 - 12. 50 120 (TM) 60 (ETM+) SWIR 7 2. 08 - 2. 35 30 0. 5 - 0. 9 15 Panchromatic Type Sun-Synchronous Altitude 705 km Inclination 98. 2 deg Period 99 min Repeat Cycle 16 days Ban d Wavelength (µm) Resolution (m) Green 1 0. 5 - 0. 6 82 Red 2 0. 6 - 0. 7 82 Near IR 3 0. 7 - 0. 8 82 Near IR 4 0. 8 - 1. 1 82 2

Landsat handbook Landsat Data is available for FREE 3

Landsat Data is available for FREE • Path: 188, Row: 25 • elp 188 r 025_7 t 200005 07. tar. gz • GEOTIF Band Wavelength (µm) Resolution (m) Blue 1 0. 45 - 0. 52 30 Green 2 0. 52 - 0. 60 30 Red 3 0. 63 - 0. 69 30 Near IR 4 0. 76 - 0. 90 30 SWIR 5 1. 55 - 1. 75 30 Thermal IR 6 10. 40 - 12. 50 120 (TM) 60 (ETM+) SWIR 7 2. 08 - 2. 35 30 0. 5 - 0. 9 15 Panchromatic 4

Image processing • Pre-processing – later will be explained • Image enhancement • Data extraction – later will be explained 5

Why? 6

7

Histogram 8

Histogram stretching 9

Histogram stretching • Linear • With saturation • Histogram equalization 10

11

Color modeling 12

Remote sensing Color image RGB 0. 4µm 0. 5µm 0. 64µm 0. 76µm Panchromatic image VIS 0. 4µm 0. 76µm 1. 2µm 13

Remote sensing Color image RGB 0. 4µm 0. 5µm 0. 64µm 0. 76µm Panchromatic image VIS 0. 4µm 0. 76µm 1. 2µm 14

Remote sensing panchromatic image pixel= 30 m, 8 bits [0 -255] 15

Color composite 123 16

Color composite 123 17

Photointerpretation • Object: point, line, polygon • Object differs from the background 18

Image characteristic • • Brightness Contrast Resolution Stereoskopy effect 19

Brightness, tone • Brightness – subjective reaction on the light, subjective perception • Tone – bright, medium, dark, DN 20

Contrast • • • CR=Bmax/Bmin Bmax – max brightness Bmin – min brightness Bmin = 0; CR = infinity Bmin=Bmax; CR = 1 21

Less contrast • The objects and background have similar spectral response • Scattering of EM radiation in the atmosphere • Not proper remote sensing method 22

Image characteristic • • Brightness Contrast Resolution Stereoskopy effect 23

STEREOSKOPIA 24

STRUKTURA PROCESU INTERPRETACJI • Detection – statment of existence of „soemthing” • Recognition – confirmation of the initial assumtion and object classification • Identification – determiantion of the function or genesis of the object 25

Elements of visual image interpretation image „reading” – direct recognition features of the objects • • tone shape size pattern texture shadow association 26

27

Photointerpretation key • Part of the image with the object and its descriptions 28

29

Remote sensing panchromatic image 30

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing panchromatic image 0, 4 0, 5 0, 6 PAN 0, 7 31

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing panchromatic image 0, 4 0, 5 0, 6 PAN 0, 7 32

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing panchromatic image 0, 4 0, 5 0, 6 PAN 0, 7 33

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing panchromatic image 0, 4 0, 5 0, 6 PAN 0, 7 34

Reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing panchromatic image 0, 4 0, 5 0, 6 PAN 0, 7 35

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) B 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R G R 36 B G R

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) B 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R G R 37 B G R

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) B 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R G R 38 B G R

odbijalność [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) B 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R G R 39

odbijalność [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) B G R las 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 40

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) B 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R G R 41 B G R

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) B G R Bare soil 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 42

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) B 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R G R 43 B G R

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 44

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) woda 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 45

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 46 B G R

reflectrance [0 -255] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) Is spectral reflectance in channels charecteristic for specific land cover? 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 47

reflectrance [%] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) Spectral curve of different land cover 30 soil wegetation 10 water 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 48

reflectrance [%] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) 30 soil wegetation 10 water 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 49

reflectrance [%] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) 30 soil wegetation 10 water 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 50

reflectrance [%] Remote sensing color composit (RGB) 30 soil wegetation 10 water 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 51

reflectrance [%] Remote sensing VIS Is the relationship exceeds VIS? 30 10 0, 5 0, 4 B 0, 6 G 0, 7 R 52

Remote sensing VIS, NIR, SWIR Spectral curves of typical land cover 53

Remote sensing VIS, NIR, SWIR Spectral curve Ratio of reflected radiation and falling radiation in given spectral range Spectral curves of typical land cover 54

Remote sensing VIS, NIR, SWIR Spectral curves of typical land cover 55

Remote sensing VIS, NIR, SWIR Spectral curves of typical land cover 56

Remote sensing VIS, NIR, SWIR Spectral curves of different elements of land use land cover 57

Remote sensing VIS, NIR, SWIR Spectral curves of dry and moist soil surfaces 58

Remote sensing VIS, NIR, SWIR Example of spectral curves 59

Remote sensing VIS, NIR, SWIR Example of spectral curves 60

Remote sensing VIS, NIR, SWIR Example of spectral curves 61