Remediating Contaminated Groundwater with SlowRelease Oxidants Grant R

Remediating Contaminated Groundwater with Slow-Release Oxidants Grant # R 42 ES 22530 Mark Christenson – Air. Lift Environmental Steve Comfort – University of Nebraska Assembled direct-push oxidant candle with aerator

Air. Lift Environmental – Grant # R 42 ES 22530 Background/Timeline: • 2005 – Federal Earmark Grant - “Innovative Remediation Techniques for Contaminated Soil and Water” Water • 2009 – Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality (NDEQ) Cozad Landfill TCE Contaminated Groundwater • Extensive sampling/surveying finds VOCs located in low permeable zones of aquifer Contamination confined to “orange” layers

Air. Lift Environmental – Grant # R 42 ES 22530 Background/Timeline (continued): • 2010 – Manufactured “oxidant candles” and inserted into formation to intercept contaminant plume (Mark Christenson – lead graduate student).

Air. Lift Environmental – Grant # R 42 ES 22530 Background/Timeline (continued): • 2012 – Published first paper, Air. Lift Environmental, LLC forms and receives Phase I (2013) and Phase II (2015) STTR from NIH Candles inserted by Direct-push • Stopped working after first year • Phase I STTR: added anti-scaling agent to reduce oxide scale Candles in Wells with Aeration After 5 years……. • 89% Reduction in down gradient versus up gradient concentrations • Estimated 5 more years left

Air. Lift Environmental – Grant # R 42 ES 22530 Phase I: Develop prototypes of oxidant candles with aerators that could be inserted with directpush. After Installation

Air. Lift Environmental – Grant # R 42 ES 22530 Phase II (primary goals): • Field test oxidant candles at four sites over the next two years • Collect multiple samplings to document efficacy of treatments • Develop predictive model to predict oxidant spreading and verify with field data Heated Candle Mixer Using COMSOL multiphysics software to model oxidant spreading from candles receiving aeration

Air. Lift Environmental – Grant # R 42 ES 22530 Benefits: • Larger diameter candles can provide multiple years of service • Installation via direct-push: no well cuttings, chemical tanks/mixing, irritating dust, or need for large water source • Sustained release for long term barrier (less chance for contaminant rebound) • Can use in “low perm zones” No “daylighting” of liquid oxidants • Aeration increases sweeping efficiency (no density driven flow) Limitations: • Lower oxidant mass per injection point than ISCO (liquid oxidant) - one inch diameter candles may only last a year or less • Candles with anti-scaling agent have not been vetted in field • Spacing requirements • Limited field data available

On the Horizon…. Wax-less Oxidant Dispensers Density flow not observed Permanganate spreading in static sand tank Reloadable Direct-Push Oxidant Candles with Aeration

Air. Lift Environmental – Grant # R 42 ES 22530 Contact / More Information Air. Lift Environmental, LLC 5900 N. 58 th Street, Suite #5 Lincoln, NE 68507 Mark Christenson (402) 617 -0434 mark@airliftenvironmental. com Steve Comfort (402)-472 -1502 scomfort@unl. edu Publications: See attachment for links to our referenced publications (Chlorinated solvents, BTEX, PAHs, 1, 4 -dioxane). Patent pending: “Modular oxidant delivery system” (Patent Application 62/140, 645). Submitted via Nu. Tech Ventures info@nutechventures. org