Religious Reformation and its Affect on American History

Religious Reformation and its Affect on American History

Britain and Colonization The British had two aims in colonizing North America 1). Gain access to an incredible amount of wealth in the New World – Match the Spanish - Royal colonies in the south had this goal 2). A place to practice religion without persecution – Colonies in the North

The Great Schism The Catholic Church had two leaders (the pope in Rome and the Archbishop of Constantinople) Both believed they were more powerful 1054 – The Great Schism – The Pope excommunicates the Archbishop and then the Archbishop excommunicates the Pope – There are now two distinct Christian churches The Catholics in Rome and the Orthodox in Eastern Europe

The Division Between Catholicism and Orthodoxy

The Problems with the Church All of the Western Empire (Western Europe) remains Catholic The Catholic Church becomes the greatest political force in Europe – Make and Crown Kings – Declare war The popes and the clergy (priests) become incredibly corrupt because they have so much power and money The church starts selling indulgences (allowing people to buy a way into heaven)

The Protestant Reformation 1517 - Martin Luther, a German priest, lists of all of his problems with the church (The Ninety-Five Thesis) and declares that he is starting his own church (Lutherans) Lutherans do not recognize the pope The Protestant Reformation – a period in European history when many Christian, but not Catholic religions, are formed b/c of corruption in the catholic church Other churches will also start – John Calvin – Calvinism (Do not believe in free will) – Henry VIII - Anglicans

Differences - No Recognition of the Pope - Simple churches with little decoration - Less emphasis on the rosary and Mary - Rejections of many luxuries - Less emphasis on clergy, especially reconciliation - Beautifully decorated - Papal Primacy

The Anglican Church Henry VIII was the king of England Henry will marry six women trying to have a son to pass the throne to Henry’s first marriage is to Catherine of Aragon (the princess of Spain) – Henry tries to divorce Catherine; the pope says he cannot; Henry leaves the Catholic Church and starts the Anglican Church

Henry VIII Hi I’m Henry VIII. My reputation is that I love girls, but in fact I love Big Gulps of Mountain Dew and eating a Mc Pick 2, 7 times a day. All cheese sticks too, wreck those cheese sticks.

The Six Wives of Henry VIII Catherine of Aragon m. 1509 1533 Divorced Anne Boleyn m. 1533 1536 Executed Anne of Cleves m. 1540 Jan. - July Divorced Kathryn Howard m. 1540 1542 Executed Jane Seymour m. 1536 1537 Died Katherine Parr m. 1543 - 1547 Widowed

The Anglican Church After Henry’s daughter from Catherine (Mary) will become queen Mary is Catholic and tries to end Anglican Church – Kills many Anglicans (Bloody Mary) Mary’s sister, Elizabeth, becomes queen – Elizabeth will eliminate the Catholic Church – Many other non-Catholic denominations will arise in England But Elizabeth will be suspicious of them

Affect on America One of the non-Catholic denominations will be the pilgrims The pilgrims face great persecution from the crown The pilgrims leave England become the first Europeans to colonize New England – One of the main reasons English go to New England is because they felt that the Church of England was not pious enough – Allows New England to become the center of Britain's colony in America and sculpts America’s Puritanical attitudes

Change in Religion Gets Violent Wars Erupt all over Europe as Protestantism and Catholicism battle for ground

Revolutions a Plenty Dutch Rebel England has a massive civil war – 1688 – Glorious Revolution – Britain invites a Protestant king to rule France has a Civil War William of Orange – the British Protestant king from Belgium following the Glorious Revolution