Religions of Southern and Eastern Asia Buddhism Hinduism
Religions of Southern and Eastern Asia: Buddhism, Hinduism, Shintoism and Confucianism SS 7 G 12 The student will analyze the diverse cultures of the people who live in Southern and Eastern Asia. b. Compare and contrast the prominent religions in Southern and Eastern Asia: Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Shintoism, and the philosophy of Confucianism. .
• Religious • Ethnic Group: Choose Share to be in. language, race, Believe in the customs and same religious traditions, beliefs. common ancestors.
Hinduism • The primary religion of India • Based on the idea of reincarnation (rebirth) • It teaches that people can dictate how they are reborn by how they live at present A Short Introduction to Hinduism [stop after 5: 43]
Hinduism • One of the oldest religions in the world. • 80%+ of Indians are Hindu • Do not following teachings of a man. • Believe in many gods who are all images from a single god Brahma – Not Polytheistic
Hinduism • Followers of the Hindu religion believe. . – Karma : a positive and negative force caused by a persons actions; determines ones position after they are reborn. – Reincarnation - rebirth. – The Vedas are many texts that teach Hindus behavior
Hinduism • Hindus also believe in the Caste System • Social order one is born into for life. – Brahmans (priests) – Kashatriyas (soldiers) – Vaishyas (merchants) – Shudras (laborers)
Buddhism • Founded in India by Siddhartha Gautama (a Hindu) who was searching for enlightenment • Became enlightened while sitting under a Bo or Bodhi tree – Named Buddha (means enlightened one)
Buddhism • Followers do not believe in the teachings of Buddha, not a god – Four Noble Truths and Eight Fold Path – Tripitaka (holy book) – Ultimate goal is to reach Nirvana (Perfect Peace) – Reincarnation- a cycle of birth and rebirth • Behavior in present life determines what you will be in next life • Rejects the caste system. Anyone can achieve Nirvana • Worship in Temples.
Buddhism: Noble Truths • There is suffering in the world. To live is to suffer. • The cause of suffering is self-centered desire and attachments. • The solution is to eliminate desire and attachments. • To reach nirvana, one must follow the Eightfold Path.
BUDDHISM VOCABULARY • Siddhartha Gautama- founder of Buddhism became known as the Buddha • Buddha- Enlightened One • Four Noble Truths- basic teachings of Buddhism • Nirvana- a state of happiness and peace • Eightfold Path- set of guidelines for right living in Buddhism
Buddhism • A religious belief system based on the spiritual teachings of Buddha. • Centering on the idea of reincarnation (rebirth), it teaches that people can find true enlightenment (clarification) by ending desire, which is the cause of suffering. • It originated in India and spread throughout Southern & Eastern Asia. Eastern Philosophy: The Buddha [5: 43] The Fourteen Teachings of Buddha [3: 59] Buddha’s Thoughts [2: 45]
Confucianism • Not a religion, but a way of life which is based on the teachings of its founder • Founded in China by the philosopher Confucius – Believed he could bring peace to ancient China • His teachings stressed the importance of the family – Children should respect their parents – Subjects should respect their ruler – Rulers should treat their people fairly • People should set a good example with their behavior • The Golden Rule
Confucianism • Each person has a place in society and they must accept their positions so that society can function well • In his 50 s, Confucius wandered from state to state giving unsolicited advice to rulers on how to improve their governing
Shintoism • Earliest known religion of Japan • Centers around Kami – The spirit of a god • Unlike Islam, Buddhism, or Hinduism Shintoism has not spread to other parts of the world. – No rules for moral living – No concepts of a single god
• Shintoists…. Shintoism – Reverent to nature, life, birth, and fertility – Worship their ancestors in Shrines • Believe ancestors become Kami • Many people who practice Shintoism also practice another religion. • Shamans are Shinto Priests who communicate with the spirits • A Tori is the gate to all Shinto Shrines
Shintoism • Shintoism is almost exclusively associated with Japan. Most Japanese people practice Shinto rituals, and most people who practice Shinto rituals are Japanese. • Observing Shintoism is part of nationalism in Japan. • In addition to honoring Shinto obligations, many Japanese also follow other teachings, such as those of Buddhism or Confucianism. The Gods of Shinto [2: 00]
- Slides: 18