Religions of South Asia Hinduism Hinduism 800 000

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Religions of South Asia

Religions of South Asia

Hinduism

Hinduism

Hinduism • 800, 000 followers • Oldest living religion 8, 500 years old. •

Hinduism • 800, 000 followers • Oldest living religion 8, 500 years old. • Mainly in India

Roots of Hinduism • Grew out of the ancient Aryan Vedas • No specific

Roots of Hinduism • Grew out of the ancient Aryan Vedas • No specific founder • Polytheistic/Monotheistic - debate

Hinduism Gods • Each god represents different aspects of Brahman (an unchanging, allpowerful spiritual

Hinduism Gods • Each god represents different aspects of Brahman (an unchanging, allpowerful spiritual force) • Brahma – Creator • Vishnu – Preserver • Shiva – Destroyer • Countless more gods

Foundation of Hinduism • Reincarnation - endless cycle of life. • When the cycle

Foundation of Hinduism • Reincarnation - endless cycle of life. • When the cycle of rebirth thus comes to an end, a person is said to have attained moksha, or salvation from reincarnation.

Foundation • Dharma – duties in life; the correct understanding of reality in its

Foundation • Dharma – duties in life; the correct understanding of reality in its teachings

Foundation • Karma is the value of all life’s actions. • Good karma –

Foundation • Karma is the value of all life’s actions. • Good karma – reborn higher • Bad karma – reborn into suffering, or a lower caste. "I am the owner of my karma. I inherit my karma. I am born of my karma. I am related to my karma. I live supported by my karma. Whatever karma I create, whether good or evil, that I shall inherit. " The Buddha, Anguttara Nikaya V. 57 - Upajjhatthana Sutta

Caste System • Comparable to class structures in other countries

Caste System • Comparable to class structures in other countries

Caste System • Determined by birth -same as your parents • Dictated your occupation,

Caste System • Determined by birth -same as your parents • Dictated your occupation, choice of spouse

Caste System The “four orders of human beings”

Caste System The “four orders of human beings”

Caste System • The Untouchables/Dalits were people who did not belong to any caste;

Caste System • The Untouchables/Dalits were people who did not belong to any caste; impure

Caste System • Outlawed in 1949 • But it remains an ingrained social structure,

Caste System • Outlawed in 1949 • But it remains an ingrained social structure, particularly in rural India.

• A random sampling of headlines in mainstream Indian newspapers: • "Dalit boy

• A random sampling of headlines in mainstream Indian newspapers: • "Dalit boy beaten to death for plucking flowers"; "Dalit tortured by cops for three days"; "Dalit 'witch' paraded naked in Bihar"; "Dalit killed in lock-up at Kurnool"; "7 Dalits burnt alive in caste clash"; "5 Dalits lynched in Haryana"; "Dalit woman gang-raped, paraded naked"; "Police egged on mob to lynch Dalits". http: //news. nationalgeographic. com/news/2003/06/0602_030602_untouchables. html

• "Dalits are not allowed to drink from the same wells, attend the

• "Dalits are not allowed to drink from the same wells, attend the same temples, wear shoes in the presence of an upper caste, or drink from the same cups in tea stalls, " said Smita Narula, a senior researcher with Human Rights Watch, and author of Broken People: Caste Violence Against India's "Untouchables. " http: //news. nationalgeographic. com/news/2003/06/0602_030602_untouchables. html

• India's Untouchables are relegated to the lowest jobs, and live in constant

• India's Untouchables are relegated to the lowest jobs, and live in constant fear of being publicly humiliated, paraded naked, beaten, and raped with impunity by upper-caste Hindus seeking to keep them in their place. Merely walking through an upper-caste neighborhood is a life-threatening offense. http: //news. nationalgeographic. com/news/2003/06/0602_030602_untouchables. html

Sacred Place • Ganges River is sacred; used for spiritual cleansing, funeral rites, and

Sacred Place • Ganges River is sacred; used for spiritual cleansing, funeral rites, and other Hindu rituals.

Sacred Cow • The cow is also sacred, and many Hindus will not eat

Sacred Cow • The cow is also sacred, and many Hindus will not eat beef.

Buddhism

Buddhism

Buddhism • Origins are in South Asia.

Buddhism • Origins are in South Asia.

Buddhism • Founded 600 B. C. by Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) a high-caste Hindu

Buddhism • Founded 600 B. C. by Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) a high-caste Hindu

Buddhism

Buddhism

Buddhism • 360 million world-wide

Buddhism • 360 million world-wide

Sikhism

Sikhism

Sikhism • Northern India • Combines Hindu and Muslim beliefs

Sikhism • Northern India • Combines Hindu and Muslim beliefs

Sikhism • Believe in one God • God can be known through meditation •

Sikhism • Believe in one God • God can be known through meditation • Everyone has equal status in the eyes of God • No caste system • Men do not cut hair

South Asia Religions Hinduism Origin Hinduism is anSouth Asia Religions Hinduism Origin Hinduism is an
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Hinduism History of Hinduism Unlike most religions HinduismHinduism History of Hinduism Unlike most religions Hinduism
History of South Asia Religions of South AsiaHistory of South Asia Religions of South Asia
Religions of Asia Hinduism Hinduism is one ofReligions of Asia Hinduism Hinduism is one of
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SOUTH ASIA RELIGIONS HINDUISM ORIGINS Began nearly 5000SOUTH ASIA RELIGIONS HINDUISM ORIGINS Began nearly 5000
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