Religions of Europe Map Monotheistic Religions Judaism Islam

  • Slides: 29
Download presentation
Religions of Europe Map

Religions of Europe Map

Monotheistic Religions Judaism, Islam, & Christianity

Monotheistic Religions Judaism, Islam, & Christianity

Learning Target SS 6 G 10 I will describe the major religions in Europe:

Learning Target SS 6 G 10 I will describe the major religions in Europe: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Monotheistic Religions Judaism, Islam, & Christianity

Monotheistic Religions Judaism, Islam, & Christianity

Monotheism • Judaism, Christianity, & Islam are major religions practiced in Europe. • Followers

Monotheism • Judaism, Christianity, & Islam are major religions practiced in Europe. • Followers of each practice monotheism, a belief in one god. What else do they have in common?

Similarities • All three believe in one god (monotheistic). • They all started in

Similarities • All three believe in one god (monotheistic). • They all started in Southwest Asia. • They can trace their roots to Abraham as the father of their faith. • Jerusalem is the holiest city in the world for Jews and Christians, and the third holiest city for Muslims. • All three have an important messenger and book of teachings.

Jerusalem, Israel

Jerusalem, Israel

Judaism

Judaism

Judaism Key Beliefs • Judaism is the religion of Jews. • It was founded

Judaism Key Beliefs • Judaism is the religion of Jews. • It was founded by Abraham around 2000 BCE. • Jews believe that God gave Moses the Ten Commandments. • They believe that a messiah (savior) will lead them to the Promised Land.

Judaism • Jews believe that they descended from Abraham and Sarah, the first people

Judaism • Jews believe that they descended from Abraham and Sarah, the first people to worship Yahweh (God). • Abraham lived at least 3, 700 years ago in what is now Iraq.

The Torah Abraham & Sarah

The Torah Abraham & Sarah

Judaism Holy Book • The Jewish holy book is the Torah, which is the

Judaism Holy Book • The Jewish holy book is the Torah, which is the oral and written laws of the Jews. Worship • Jews worship in synagogues and temples. (Led by a Rabbi) “What is hateful to you, do not to your neighbor. ” How do you feel about this?

Judaism Holy Days-Practices and Rituals Shabbat—Friday sundown to Saturday (Day of Rest) Rosh Hashanah:

Judaism Holy Days-Practices and Rituals Shabbat—Friday sundown to Saturday (Day of Rest) Rosh Hashanah: Jewish New Year’s Day. Yom Kippur: known as the Day of Atonement. People fast (go without food) and pray on this day. Passover: festival that retells the story of the Israelites fleeing Egypt.

Christianity

Christianity

Christianity Key Beliefs • Christianity actually has its roots in Judaism. • Christians believe

Christianity Key Beliefs • Christianity actually has its roots in Judaism. • Christians believe in Jesus, who preached a new religion of love and kindness around 30 CE. • Christians believe that Jesus was the messiah (savior). • God-Jesus/God

Christianity • The Bible is the main holy book for Christians. • It consists

Christianity • The Bible is the main holy book for Christians. • It consists of the Old Testament and the New Testament.

Christianity Denominations • Christians are grouped by many denominations. • Examples include Catholicism, Orthodox,

Christianity Denominations • Christians are grouped by many denominations. • Examples include Catholicism, Orthodox, and Protestantism. • All denominations of Christians follow the teachings of Jesus. Worship • Christians worship in churches and chapels

Christianity Holy Days (Practices and Rituals) Sundays day of rest. Sunday-Day of Rest Christmas:

Christianity Holy Days (Practices and Rituals) Sundays day of rest. Sunday-Day of Rest Christmas: Jesus’ birthday. Good Friday: day Jesus was crucified. Easter: most important day of Christian calendar; believed to be the day that Jesus rose from the dead.

Islam

Islam

Islam Key Beliefs • Islam began around 610 CE in Southwest Asia. • Followers

Islam Key Beliefs • Islam began around 610 CE in Southwest Asia. • Followers of Islam are called Muslims, and the founder is Muhammad. • Muslims believe that Muhammad is the last and greatest prophet of Islam. • Other prophets include Abraham, Moses, & Jesus. God: In Arabic, Islam means “surrender” to the will

Islam Holy Book • The Muslim holy book is the Qur’an (Koran). • It

Islam Holy Book • The Muslim holy book is the Qur’an (Koran). • It states how people should live their lives. Practices and Rituals: The Five Pillars of Faith (obligations all Muslims must fulfill in their lifetime).

Islam Five Pillars of Faith: (the main duties of Muslims) 1. Prayer, 5 times

Islam Five Pillars of Faith: (the main duties of Muslims) 1. Prayer, 5 times a day 2. Giving to charity, 3. Belief in one God (Allah), 4. Fasting during the month of Ramadan, 5. Trip to Mecca (hajj) once in a lifetime.

Place of worship is a Mosque. The Grand Mosque in Mecca

Place of worship is a Mosque. The Grand Mosque in Mecca

Two letters written by Muhammad…so old!

Two letters written by Muhammad…so old!

Muhammad’s Hat, Robe, & Staff Muhammad’s Swords

Muhammad’s Hat, Robe, & Staff Muhammad’s Swords

A piece of Muhammad’s hair One of Muhammad’s sandals

A piece of Muhammad’s hair One of Muhammad’s sandals

The Green Dome in Medina Muhammad’s grave lies under the Green Dome. (This is

The Green Dome in Medina Muhammad’s grave lies under the Green Dome. (This is his casket. )

The Grand Mosque in Mecca

The Grand Mosque in Mecca