RELIGION AND WORLDVIEW DEFINITIONS Worldview Encompassing pictures of

RELIGION AND WORLDVIEW

DEFINITIONS Worldview Encompassing pictures of reality created by members of societies Religion “Ideas and practices that postulate reality beyond that which is immediately available to the senses” (Bowen, 2008) Include beliefs that some kind of spiritual or supernatural powers exist

SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF RELIGION Social functions 1. 2. 3. How does religion serve social functions Offering rewards for good behavior and punishments for antisocial behavior Seen in societies with __________

EXPRESSIONS OF RELIGION Kottak discusses 7 expressions of ritual: Spiritual beings Responsible for all 7 Powers & Forces (read the textbook: Magic 278 -282) Uncertainty, Anxiety, Solace Ritual Rite of Passage Totemism We will discuss each of these expression in varying degree of detail

SPIRITUAL BEINGS “Beings” Ability to assume ______ Respond to _______ Human origins with living or deceased people Beings spirit helpers, disease spirits, zoomorphic spirits

SPIRITUAL BEINGS Monotheism ___________________ Polytheism ________________ Animism ____________________; frequently associated with natural objects

SPIRITUAL BEGINS ANIMISM - EXAMPLES Inuit All things happens through the ___________ Animals share the same ________

POWERS & FORCES: MANA Impersonal superhuman power Sometimes transferable Ex: _______ Why? _______ Polynesians: All things believed to be endowed to a greater or lesser degree with sacred supernatural power _________ Mana - ______

POWERS & FORCES: MANA

POWERS & FORCES: MANGU Performance of evil by humans believed to possess an innate, nonhuman power to do evil Whether or not it is ____________ Ex: Azande Mangu – __________________ Note: mangu is not unique to the Azande 1. 2.

MAGIC Use of supernatural techniques to accomplish specific ends 1. 2. Examples: 1. 2. 3. 4.

UNCERTAINTY, ANXIETY, SOLACE Connected to magic & myth Responsible for reading ‘Understanding Ourselves’ Opening to chapter, page 276 Be able to articulate how the Trobriand Islanders use magic when dealing with sailing expeditions

RITUALS Repetitive social practice composed of a sequence of symbolic activities 1. 2. A. Organized performance of behaviors intended to influence ________

RITUALS Belief that supernatural powers can make natural events occur & intervene in human affairs Behaviors intended to influence spiritual powers Performed cross-culturally, but for different reasons Ex: __________ Marks ____________________ Births, initiations, confirmations, weddings, funerals

SUNRISE DANCE

ASSIGNED READING

REVITALIZATION MOVEMENTS Aim to create a new way of life to replace current conditions that are ________ Likely to occur in societies when these conditions coalesce 1. 2. 3.

REVITALIZATION MOVEMENTS ______– prophet who taught that existing world would soon be destroyed & new crust of Earth would form As new crust formed, buffalo would return Abandon ways of the settler’s to live pure lives – ____________________ not a component of Ghost Dance Movement was negatively received by settlers & U. S. Army ________________ Lakota (Sioux) band, including ♀ and children

REVITALIZATION MOVEMENTS