Religion and Reform 1800 1850 Focus Questions What

Religion and Reform 1800 -1850 Focus Questions: What demands did women make? How did reform movements aim to change society?

Bellringer Part 2: List 3 details you notice. Where is this taking place? What do you think is happening?

Charles G. Finney (1792 – 1895) “soul-shaking” conversion R 1 -2 The ranges of tents, the fires, reflecting light…; the candles and lamps illuminating the encampment; hundreds moving to and fro…; the preaching, praying, singing, and shouting, … like the sound of many waters, was enough to swallow up all the powers of contemplation. Describing an outdoor revival

Charles Finney • Emotional revival preacher of the era • Religious activism – or evangelism – was the duty of the Protestant • Evangelism fuels later reform movements

The Second Great Awakening • Definition: A religious revival movement in the US after 1800 • What did Followers believe? • People need to go to Church more to change all the bad things about society • Everyone is responsible for finding salvation- anyone can go to Heaven

The Mormon “Trek”

Utopian Communities Defined: Secluded communities seeking a Utopia or perfect place to live in harmony • Self-sufficient communities • Often only lasted for a few years • Popular examples: New Harmony, Indiana and Brook Farm, Massachusetts • Also fueled later reform movements

Transcendentalism Defined: a philosophical and literary movement that emphasized living a simple life and celebrated the truth in nature and personal imagination Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau

Welcome Back to Class! Writing Prompt #4 • What would you reform about Phillip O Berry? • What would you reform in America today in 2011?

Reformer Jigsaw • Use the primary and secondary source documents in your folder to become an expert on your area of reform. • Complete YOUR section of the Reformer Chart & Be prepared to share what you learned with your group members!

Education • Led by Horace Mann, MA Senator • Helped create a State Board of Education • Advanced idea of free public schools, teacher training, supported by state governments

Mental Illness and Prison • Dorothea Dix • Campaigned for states to build mental hospitals • Penitentiary Movement: criminals should feel penitence (regret) for their crimes

Dorothea Dix Asylum - 1849

The Temperance Movement • Temperance means drinking in moderation • Supporters believed alcohol led to crime, sickness, poverty, and neglected family life • No real success except for laws restricting the sale of alcohol

Annual Consumption of Alcohol

Setting the Stage: Seneca Falls Convention 1848 Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott

Women’s Rights Movement • Met in Seneca Falls, New York • 1848 • Key People: Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Sojourner Truth • Wrote the Declaration of Sentiments

Declaration of Sentiments • What did the women demand? Make a list of at least 4 specific things they demanded. • Were they being too hard on mankind? • How equal are men and women today in 2012?