Relative Pronouns and Relative Clauses in German RELATIVPRONOMEN
- Slides: 19
(Relative Pronouns and Relative Clauses in German) RELATIVPRONOMEN / RELATIVSÄTZE:
RELATIVPRONOMEN / RELATIVSÄTZE: , , Der General … sagte: , Morgen dürft ihr die Stadt verlassen, und die Dinge, die ihr auf eurem Rücken tragen könnt, bringen. ’” Weinsberg”) dürft ihr auch aus der Stadt (Aus: , , Die Weiber von English equivalent: … the things that/which you can carry on your back …
RELATIVPRONOMEN / RELATIVSÄTZE: , , Die Frauen … dachten nur an ihre Männer, die am nächsten Tag sterben mussten. ” (Aus: , , Die Weiber von Weinsberg”) English equivalent: … their men folk who were to die the next day.
RELATIVPRONOMEN / RELATIVSÄTZE: Was wollte der General machen, dessen Armee Weinsberg erobert hatte ? (Aus: , , Die Weiber von Weinsberg”) English equivalent: … the general … whose army had conquered Weinsberg
RELATIVPRONOMEN The relative pronoun is called that (= relative) because it stands for and refers/relates to a specific preceding noun in another clause That noun is called ANTECEDANT. , , Der General … sagte: , Morgen dürft ihr die Stadt verlassen, und die Dinge, die ihr auf eurem Rücken tragen könnt, dürft ihr auch aus der Stadt bringen. ’”
RELATIVPRONOMEN The relative and pronoun is called that (= relative) because it stands for refers/relates to a specific preceding noun in another clause. That noun is called ANTECEDANT. , , Die Frauen … dachten nur an ihre Männer, die am nächsten Tag sterben mussten. ”
RELATIVPRONOMEN The relative pronoun is called that (= relative) because it stands for and refers/relates to a specific preceding noun in another clause That noun is called ANTECEDANT. Was wollte der General machen, dessen Armee Weinsberg erobert hatte?
RELATIVPRONOMEN: FORMEN maskulin Sg. neutrum Sg. feminin Sg. Plural (m+n+f) der das die Akkusativ den das die Dativ dem der Genitiv dessen deren dene n deren Nominati v The German relative pronoun forms are basically the same as the definite articles. However, in the dative plural, –en is added. Similarly, all genitive forms attach/add –en. In addition, in the genitive masculine and neuter, the -s- is doubled.
RELATIVPRONOMEN Unlike in English, the relative pronoun is NEVER OMITTED in Germ Once upon a time, there was a young woman whom everybody called Cinderella. Es war einmal ein Mädchen, das alle Aschenputtel nannten. Once upon a time, there was a young woman _____ everybody called Cinderella. Es war einmal ein Mädchen, das alle Aschenputtel nannten. Once upon a time, there was a young woman who was called Cinderella. Es war einmal ein Mädchen, das Aschenputtel hieß. Once upon a time, there was a young woman _____ called Cinderella. Es war einmal ein Mädchen, das Aschenputtel hieß.
RELATIVPRONOMEN Unlike in English, the relative The young man who rescued the princess was a prince. The young man ____ rescuing the princess was a prince. pronoun is NEVER OMITTED in Germ Der junge Mann, der die Prinzessin rettete, war ein Prinz.
RELATIVSÄTZE Unlike in English, German relative clauses are ALWAYS (regardless whether they are defining or non-defining): The young man who rescued the princess was a prince. SET OFF BY C Der junge Mann, der die Prinzessin rettete, war ein Prinz. The frog king, who really was a human being under an evil spell, married the princess in the end. Der Froschkönig, der wirklich ein verwünschter Mensch war, heiratete die Prinzessin am Ende.
RELATIVSÄTZE Like most* subordinated/dependant clauses in German, German relative clauses have the CONJUGATED VERB at the VERY END: Der junge Mann, der The young man who die Prinzessin rettete, rescued the princess was a prince. Once upon a time, there was a young woman whom everybody called Cinderella. war ein Prinz. Es war einmal ein Mädchen, das alle Aschenputtel nannten. Was wollte der General machen, dessen Armee Weinsberg erobert hatte ? *The only exception to this rule are subordinate clauses with double infinitive structures. Unlike any other non-conjugated verb part which always is at the end, double infinitives go even behind the subordinate conjugated verb (which stays at the very end) to the very, very end of the subordinated clause.
RELATIVSÄTZE Unlike in English, if there is a PREPOSITION connected to the relative prono it ALWAYS PRECEDES (= goes before) the relative pronoun: The animal (that) Little Red Riding Hood talked with was a big bad wolf. The castle (that) the prince went into was under a bad spell. The castle into which the prince went was under a bad spell. Das Tier, mit dem Rotkäppchen sprach, war ein großer, böser Wolf. Das Schloss, in das der Prinz ging, war verwünscht.
RELATIVPROMOMEN/ RELATIVSÄTZE The relative pronoun --must agree with the antecedant in number (singular/plural) and gender (masc. , fem. , neut. ), BUT --the case of the relative pronoun depends on its function within the relative clause. Was wollte der General [singular masc. ] machen, dessen [whose = possessive => genitive case] Armee Weinsberg erobert hatte? [Green + Red result: masculine genitive relative pronoun]
The relative pronoun --must agree with the antecedant in number (singular/plural) and gender (masc. , fem. , neut. ), BUT --the case of the relative pronoun depends on its function within the relative clause. Es war einmal ein kleines Mädchen [singular neuter], dessen [whose = possessive => genitive case] Vater und Mutter gestorben waren. [Green + Red result: neuter genitive relative pronoun]
The relative pronoun --must agree with the antecedant in number (singular/plural) and gender (masc. , fem. , neut. ), BUT --the case of the relative pronoun depends on its function within the relative clause. Es war so arm, dass es … kein Bettchen [sg. neuter] mehr besaß, in dem [in + no motion with direction towards the object of the preposition => dative case] es schlafen konnte. [Green + Red result: neuter dative relative pronoun]
The relative pronoun --must agree with the antecedant in number (singular/plural) and gender (masc. , fem. , neut. ), BUT --the case of the relative pronoun depends on its function within the relative clause. Es hatte auch nur die Kleider [plural!], die [direct object => accusative case] es auf dem Leib [= Körper] trug. [Green + Red result: plural accusative relative pronoun]
The relative pronoun --must agree with the antecedant in number (singular/plural) and gender (masc. , fem. , neut. ), BUT --the case of the relative pronoun depends on its function within the relative clause. … und zu essen besaß es nur ein Stückchen Brot [sg. Neuter], das [direct object => accusative case] ihm ein mitleidiger Mensch geschenkt hatte. [Green + Red result: neuter accusative relative pronoun]
The relative pronoun --must agree with the antecedant in number (singular/plural) and gender (masc. , fem. , neut. ), BUT --the case of the relative pronoun depends on its function within the relative clause. maskulin Sg. neutrum Sg. der das Akkusativ den das die Dativ dem der desse n deren dene n deren Nominati v Genitiv feminin Sg. die Plural (m+n+f) die
- Relative clauses and relative pronouns stage 15
- Types of relative clauses
- Relativ pronouns
- Tipos de relative clauses
- Reduced restrictive relative clause
- Non-restrictive adjective clause
- Interrogative and relative pronoun
- Interrogative pronouns
- Adjective clauses with object relative pronouns
- Relative pronouns and relative adverbs
- Low german vs high german
- Nonrestrictive clauses
- Independent clause with conjunction
- Reduced adverbial clauses
- Match the possessive below
- Whats reflexive pronoun
- Demonstrative pronouns are
- Match the possessive below
- Imperative senteces
- Object pronouns and reflexive pronouns