REGULATION OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE CEM FICICIOGLU M D

REGULATION OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE CEM FICICIOGLU, M. D, Ph. D, AA, MBA

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM HORMONAL REGULATION OF OOGENSIS AND OVULATIONrelease of Gn. RF HYPOTHALAMUS which stimulates release of LH and FSH from the adenohypophysis (ANTERIOR PITUITARY)

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OVARIAN FOLLICLES (1) PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES (2) GROWING FOLLICLES (a) early primary follicle - follicular cells still unilaminar but now are cuboidal in - appearance oocyte begins to enlarge (b) late primary follicle - multilaminar follicular layer; cells now termed granulosa - cells zona pellucida appears; gel-like substance rich in GAGs - surrounding stromal cells differentiate into theca interna and theca externa (b) secondary (antral) follicle - cavities appear between granulosa cells forming an - antrum follicle continues to grow - formation of cumulus oophorus and corona radiata (3) MATURE (GRAAFIAN) FOLLICLES

Premature LH rise • Granulosa cell mitotic activity decreases • Degenerative process begins • İntrafolliculer androgens increases

LH and FSH Action on the Follicle Theca externa cells Theca interna cells LH receptors on theca cells Granulosa cells FSH receptors on granulosa cells Follicular antrum FSH Zona pellucida Oocyte Cumulus Oophorus cells LH E 2 A Capillary network Basement membrane

Positive feed back of E 2 more than 200 pg /ml > 50 hours

A threshold of LH 14 -27 hours for full maturation of the oocyte to occur

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