Regional Challenges on Timeuse Surveys First Global Conference
Regional Challenges on Time-use Surveys First Global Conference on Gender Equality and the Measurement of Unpaid Care and Domestic Work Iliana Vaca-Trigo Associate Social Affairs Officer Division for Gender Affairs Mexico City 11 September 2018
Regional architecture Regional Conference on Women in Latin America and the Caribbean Working Group on Gender Statistics 9. Information systems: transforming data into information, information into knowledge and knowledge into political decision Intensify coordination between the Regional Conference on Women in Latin America and the Caribbean and the Statistical Conference of the Americas of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, and encourage cooperation between countries and participation in the sessions of the United Nations Statistical Commission. (Montevideo Strategy, measure 9. 1)
Key milestones in the creation of the repository of information on time use in Latin America and the Caribbean
Classification of time-use activities for Latin America and the Caribbean (CAUTAL) Conceptual framework of the Classification of Time-use Activities for Latin America and the Caribbean (CAUTAL): sections and main divisions Source: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean/National Institute of Statistics and Geography/National Women’s Institute of Mexico/United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (ECLAC/INEGI/INMUJERES/UN-Women), Classification of Time-Use Activities for Latin America and the Caribbean (CAUTAL) (LC/W. 679), http: //repositorio. cepal. org/bitstream/handle/11362/40170/S 1600307_en. pdf? sequence=1&is. Allowed=y. Santiago, 2016 [online]
Time-use surveys in Latin America and the Caribbean(1985 -2017) Countries Date Type of survey Argentina 2013 Module in the Annual Survey of Urban Households (EAHU) 2010 -2011 (Rosario) Survey on time use and volunteer work 2005 (Buenos Aires) Independent survey 2011, 2010 Survey of time use in Households 2001 Module in the Continuous Survey of Households 2009 -2010 Pilot survey in five States 1992 - 2015 Questions in the National Survey of Households (PNAD) Bolivia (Plur. State of) Brazil Since 2015 Questions in the National Survey of Households (PNAD Contínua) Chile 2015 National time-use survey 2008 -2009 Experimental survey on time use in Greater Santiago Colombia 2017, 2012 National time-use survey 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007 Questions in the Comprehensive Survey of Households 2017 National time-use survey 2011 Survey of time use in the Greater Metropolitan Region 2004 Module in the Multipurpose Household Survey 2016 Section on time use and care in the National Survey on Gender Equality 2001 Survey administered in five provinces 1997, 1988, 1985 National time-use survey 2012 Time-use survey (EUT) 2012, 2010, 2007, 2005 Module in the National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment (ENEMDU) 2017 National time-use survey 2010 -2011 Module in the Multipurpose Household Survey 2005 Short list of questions in the Multipurpose Household Survey (EHPM) 2014, 2017 Module in the National Survey of Employment and Income Costa Rica Cuba Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala 2014, 2011, 2006, 2000 Module in the National Survey of Living Conditions (ENCOVI) Honduras 2011, 2009 Module in the Continuous Survey of Households Mexico 2014, 2009, 2002, 1998 National Survey on Time Use (ENUT) 2010 Module in the National Survey on Household Income and Expenditure 1996 Module in the National Survey on Work, Contributions and Time Use (ENTAUT) Nicaragua 1998 Module in the National Household Survey on Living Standards (ENHMNV) Panama 2011 National time-use survey 2006 Module in the Multipurpose Survey Paraguay 2016 Time-use survey (EUT) Peru 2010 National time-use survey 2006 Questions included in the Continuous Household Survey 2016 Module on time use in the National Multipurpose Household Survey 2006 -2007 Question in the Demographic and Health Survey Dominican Republic
5. 4. 1 SDG indicator by sex Latin America (17 countries): time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, by sex (Sustainable Development Goal indicator 5. 4. 1) (Percentages) Source: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), on the basis of special tabulations from time-use surveys conducted in the respective countries.
Technical and methodological challenges of time-use surveys and indicators Conceptual framework Objectives Target population, observation units and informant Collection instrument Reference period Classification of Time-use Activities Disaggregation of activities
Conceptual framework and Objectives v Not all measurements are align with the 19 th of the ICLS and the SNA-2008 • Inaccuracies in the concepts used • Aggregated activities that cannot be used CHALLENGE: Ensure the measurements that are made have the same conceptual framework in an explicit way. v Heterogeneity on the objectives of the survey • Measure time dedicated to all human activities • Measure total work load (Paid and unpaid work) • Obtain inputs for valuating unpaid work • Bring light to gender inequalities in domestic and care work • Generate information for Public Policy. CHALLENGE: Ensure survey objectives are aligned with methodological choices
Target population, observation units and informant v Most experiences use self-reported information v Most questionnaires are applied to all household members Difficulties on finding all household members in one visit. Allows intra-household analyses v Target population varies across countries Target population People aged 7 years and over Number of measurements 2 People aged 10 years and over 7 People aged 12 years and over 15 People aged 14 years and over 4 People aged 15 years and over 2 People aged 18 years and over 1 Total 32
5. 4. 1 SDG indicator by geographical area Latin America (14 countries): Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, by sex and location (Percentages) Source: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), on the basis of special tabulations from time-use surveys conducted in the respective countries.
Collection instrument v All surveys were conducted through direct interview TYPE OF MEASUREMENT Country Stand alone Survey Module Pilot survey Total Questions 1 Argentina 1 2 0 0 3 Bolivia (Plarinational State of) 1 1 0 0 2 Brazil 0 2 2 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 4 0 1 1 0 0 1 4 1 6 1 2 1 1 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 3 4 5 2 2 5 3 6 1 7 1 2 3 1 0 0 0 1 20 27 1 7 55 Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Chile Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Honduras México Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Uruguay Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Total
Reference period Country Year Paid Labor Argentina 2013 Previous week M, T, W, T, F, S, S Brazil Colombia Costa Rica 2012 2016 2017 2012 2017 2011 2017 Chile 2015 Ecuador 2012 El Salvador 2010 2017 Guatemala Honduras Mexico 2014 2017 2009 2014 Questionnaire reference period Unpaid Labor TNR_3 TNR_4 a day (yesterday) TNR_5 last week Reference period on results shown Daily hours Weekly hours Week Last day Fixed day Last day Daily hours Last week : M-F and S-S Weekly hours A week day and a fixed weekend day Last week : M-F and S-S Last day: M, T, W, T Last weekend: F, S, S S Previous week M, T, W, T, F, S, S Last week : M-F and S-S Week M, T, W, T, F, S, S Week : M-F and S-S Last week Last day Last week : M-F and S-S Week day Weekend day type day Weekly hours Daily hours Weekly hours Dominican 2016 Republic Panamá 2011 Last week Weekly hours Last week : M-F and S-S Weekly hours Paraguay 2016 Last week : M-F and S-S Weekly hours Perú 2010 Last week : M-F and S-S Weekly hours 2007 Last week : M-F and S-S Last labour day laborable and last not Weekly hours
Classification of Time-use Activities CAUTAL Bolivia Chile Colombia Costa Rica Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Paraguay ICATUS Brazil Colombia Cuba Chile Peru Uruguay Venezuela National Classifier Bolivia (CATBOL) México (CMAUT) DO NOT use classifier Nicaragua Panamá
Disaggregation of activities A. Employment and own-use goods production work Country Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Ecuador El Salvador Guatemal a Honduras Mexico Panamá Paraguay B. Unpaid work C. Personal activities outside the SNA production outside the SNA general production within the SNA production boundary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Employment and related activities Own-use Unpaid Learning Socializing Self-care goods domestic care of work for and study and leisure 11 13 14 Year production work for household other activities Employmen Seeking Commuting work own members households t employmen to and from household or the t or setting work community up a and business volunteerin g 2013 x x x x 2012 x x x 2016 x x x 2017 x x x 2015 x x x 2012 x x x 2017 x x x 2011 x x x 2012 2010 2017 2011 2014 2017 2009 2014 2011 2016 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Disaggregation of activities Independet time-use surveys % of time use questions Chile, 2015 70 Colombia, 2017 98 Colombia, 2012 83 Costa Rica, 2017 179 Costa Rica, 2011 166 Ecuador, 2012 107 El Salvador, 2017 47 Mexico, 2014 32 Panama, 2011 Paraguay, 2016 Peru, 2010 107 57 207
5. 4. 1 SDG indicator by type of work Latin America (13 countries): Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, by sex and type of work (Percentages) Source: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), on the basis of special tabulations from time-use surveys conducted in the respective countries.
Challenges • Advance data methodologies comparability and harmonization of • Improve data collection instruments • Ensure periodicity and budget for time-use surveys. • Promote use of information to guide the implementation of public policies • Strengthen analysis and statistical capabilities of decisionmakers A Task Group has been created, within the framework of the Working Group on Gender Statistics of the Statistical Conference of the Americas-ECLAC, to develop “Regional guidelines to harmonize time-use surveys” and fast-track progress on the standardization of statistics and indicators.
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