Refraction of light through a Convex Lens Lens

$Refraction of light through a Convex Lens$

Lens diagram a cross section through the centre plane.

Lens is in a vertical plane, straight up and down on the page.

Light ray is horizontal (at a right angle) to vertical lens

Light ray is horizontal (at a right angle) to vertical lens Extension of right

Light ray is horizontal (at a right angle) to vertical lens Right angle to

The perpendicular Right angle to the surface of the lens

Centre line of the lens Perpendicular to the centre line of the lens, passing

Focus F Focal length This distance from the centre of the lens to the

Focus F 2 2 x focal length F Focal length

Focus F 2 2 x focal length F 1 Focal length

Focus F 2 2 x focal length Focus F 1 Focal length

Focus F 2 2 x focal length F 1 Focal length Focus F 1

Object located beyond 2 focal lengths (F 2) F 2 F 1 F 2

Light rays converge at this point. F 2 F 1 F 2

A real image is formed. A real image can be projected onto a screen.

When the object is located beyond 2 focal lengths (F 2) F 2 F

Other rays can be added from different points on the object F 2 F

These extra rays all converge at the same point between 1 and 2 focal

These extra rays are unnecessary for our purposes. F 2 F 1 F 2

Draw rays only from the top point of your object. This will keep your

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$Refraction of light through a Convex Lens$

Refraction of light through a Convex Lens

Lens diagram a cross section through the centre plane.

Simple convex (curves outwards) lens

Simple concave (curves inwards) lens

Convex lens Concave lens

Lens is in a vertical plane, straight up and down on the page.

Air Lens Air

Light ray

Light ray is horizontal (at a right angle) to vertical lens

Light ray is horizontal (at a right angle) to vertical lens Extension of right ray

Light ray is horizontal (at a right angle) to vertical lens Extension of right ray Centre line of the lens

Light ray is horizontal (at a right angle) to vertical lens Right angle to the centre line of the lens Extension of right ray Centre line of the lens

The perpendicular

The perpendicular Right angle to the surface of the lens

Centre line of the lens

Centre line of the lens Perpendicular to the centre line of the lens, passing through the centre point of the lens

Light ray

The focus or focal point

Focus F

Focus F F

Focus F

F F

F F

F F

F F

F F

F F

F F

F F

F F

F F

F F

Focus

Focus F

Focus F Focal length

Focus F Focal length This distance from the centre of the lens to the focus point, will be given to you as a point on a diagram or a measurement such as 3 cm.

Focus F Focal length

Focus F 2 x focal length Focal length

Focus F 2 2 x focal length F Focal length

Focus F 2 2 x focal length F 1 Focal length

Focus F 2 2 x focal length Focus F 1 Focal length

Focus F 2 2 x focal length F 1 Focal length Focus F 1 Focal length

Focus F 2 2 x focal length F 1 Focal length Focus F 1 Focal length 2 x focal length

Focus F 2 2 x focal length F 1 Focal length Focus F 1 Focal length F 2 2 x focal length

F 2 F 1 F 2

Object located beyond 2 focal lengths (F 2) F 2 F 1 F 2

F 2 F 1 F 2

Light rays converge at this point. F 2 F 1 F 2

A real image is formed. A real image can be projected onto a screen. F 2 F 1 F 2

A real image is formed. A real image can be projected onto a screen. F 2 F 1 The image is inverted (up-side down) and smaller than the original object. F 1 F 2

When the object is located beyond 2 focal lengths (F 2) F 2 F 1 F 2

When the object is located beyond 2 focal lengths (F 2) F 2 F 1 F 2 The image created is real, inverted and smaller than the original object.

When the object is located beyond 2 focal lengths (F 2) F 2 F 1 The rays converge between 1 and 2 focal lengths F 1 F 2 The image created is real, inverted and smaller than the original object.

Other rays can be added from different points on the object F 2 F 1 F 2

F 2 F 1 F 2