Reformation Splitting of the Church into Catholic and

Reformation: Splitting of the Church into Catholic and Protestant 16 th Century – New ideas, land, inventions, ways of thinking

Inventions to fuel the fire • ________– printing press (movable type) – Why such a big deal? • Cheap ______ • Culture of _____ – government sponsoring of large scale economic ventures – Govt. and private ventures into research and expansion

___________ • _____ and other • • followers believed in ethical piety of Christ NOT the _____, abstract religion of the Middle Ages His ideas became the ____ the Protestants used to _______ Catholicism

Ethics of Christ • • Truth Profess the ____ Care for one as you would care for yourself _____ Use teachings of Christ to make wise decisions _____ love – service Inspiration to _______– slam on society

Problems with the Church • Lacked full _____ or intellectual satisfaction • Taught people they had to achieve the ___________(why is this ludicrous? ) • Rigid in thought and change even when results are not detrimental, i. e. _____

Reaction by Church to problems • ______ – wars mostly against Muslim invaders, but grasp for more power/attention • Against new religious movements even if they agree • _________ if disagree with church for any reason

John Wycliffe

John Huss • "You are now going to burn a _____, (the name of Huss signifying goose in the Bohemian language), but in a century you will have a _____ whom you can neither roast nor boil. "

A Hussite? • Martin Luther • Beliefs of Huss – ___________alone – Religious works and ceremonies did not have to carried out – evident in those that believe – Wine and bread not blood and flesh – no ________ – Attacked indulgences – Personal merit – basis of religious authority – implications?

Indulgences • When guilty of sin under an _________ • After confession – ______ penalty – wiped clean with work performed here • Received for going on a _______ – later $ • Eventually could purchase for the ______ • Played on ______

John Tetzel – professional indulgence conniver • Don’t you hear the voices of your dead parents and other relatives crying out, ‘Have mercy on us, for we suffer great punishment and pain. From this you could release us with a few alms…. We have created you, fed you, cared for you, and left you our temporal goods. Why do you treat us so cruelly and leave us to suffer in the flames, when it takes only a little to save us?

What was going on in German provinces? • People were angry over _____ and abuses by church abuses • _______ was growing • Time was ripe in Germany for Luther’s voice to be heard

Martin Luther

Who is Martin Luther? • Comes from a _____________ • Master of Arts degree • Signed up to go to law school, but angered his parents by choosing to enter the Order of Hermits of Saint Augustine instead. – How would your parents feel if you were going to join an Order of Hermits? – During a lightning storm he promised God if he were safe he would join a monastery. Be careful what you wish for or pray for – you just might get it.

Luther’s reactions to the indulgences/problems • Began to grapple with ineptitude of church for personal/intellectual satisfaction – same problems today? “_______” • Pounds ________on door of church Oct. 31, 1517 – explaining all problems of the church

Leipzig Debate Luther and John Eck • Infallibility of the _____ • ______ of church councils • _______ alone is sovereign • Hussite – ______ is not really Christ • Only 2 sacraments were legit (2 legit 2 quit) • __________alone

___________ • Forced to recant or be excommunicated – Given 60 days to decide – Refused against scripture and conscience

Outlaw • Outlaw in church and • secular society Hid for about a year in the _________

__________ • Holy roman Empire – distracted by attacks of the Turks • __________died and Pope was concerned with whom he would choose as successor • ______ princes were given sovereignty in religious matter – granted _____ religious freedom • 1555 – ‘ruler of the land shall determine the religion of the land’

Other Reformers • ______ – Swiss reformers – “Whatever lacked literal support in Scripture was to be neither believed nor practiced” • Broke Lenten fast • _________ – Ancestors of Mennonites and Amish – rejected infant baptism • ______ – only religious authority was the Holy Ghost or God’s Spirit • Calvinist – original ____, _______