REFORMATION CAUSES DECLINE OF PAPCY ROME 1309 AVIGNON

REFORMATION CAUSES DECLINE OF PAPCY: ROME, 1309: AVIGNON, 1409: ROME SUPRAMACY OF THE CHURCH OVER STATE RISE OF NATION STATES RISE OF SECULAR ATTITUDE ANTI CHURCH MOVEMENTS JOHN WYCLIFFE: PRIEST PROFESSOR: CRRITICISED WORLDLINESS: BIBLE TO ENGLISH: HE WAS CRUSHED JOHN HUSS: PRIEST PROFESSOR: CONDEMNED CORRUPTION: HE WAS BURNT AT STAKE SAVONAROLA: CORRUPTION FREE RULE IN FRANCE: HE WAS BURNT AT THE STAKE

CAUSES ATTACK BY HUMANIST SCHOLARS LITERAL USE OF BIBLE CORRUPTION OF MONKS AND PRIESTS REFORMS WITHIN CHURCH SALE OF INDUKGENCES ST. PETER’S CHURCH CONSTRUCTION Germany: John Tetzel: 1517: martin Luther misuses in the church unholy men in holy order: business: drinking: sale of church offices: Indulgences emergence of middle class commerce: artisans, merchants, lawyers, doctors: upper class domination: no tax for upper class: to free church from wealthy aristocrats: peasants … church property

Causes spread of renaissance emergence of spirited leaders martin luther: Ulrich Zwingli: john calvin Thomas cranmer: henry VIII Reformation martin luther: 1483 -1546: professor: wittenberg university: 1511: rome: john Tetzel: 95 theses at wittenberg church: translated bible into german: Lutheran church: 1529: protestant movement in Germany: catholic Germany: Charles v : protestant Germany: luther: 1555: Augsburg peace Ulrich Zwingli: 1484 -1531: Switzerland- follower of luther: priest: war: catholic and protestant: 1531: killed young

j. Ohn calvin: 1509 -1564: French: swiss reform movement: fly from france to Geneva: Calvinist doctrine: Netherlands: hungary: france: Scotland: England: America john Wycliffe: England: king henry VIII: Catherine: aunt of Charles V of france: anne Boleyn: Anglican church: Edward VI: protestant doctrine: mary: catholic : Elizabeth: middle path gradually reformation spread all over Europe and world