Reengineering the Process Reengineering the fundamental rethinking and

Reengineering the Process Reengineering = the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business process to achieve dramatic improvements in critical, contemporary measures of performance such as quality, service, and speed.

CINC’s Objective • Develop and demonstrate a Joint, Tightly Integrated, Crisis Action Planning and Execution System – Roots based on requirement for an integrated Crisis Action Planning and Execution process – Reduced requirements for deliberate planning if not eliminated – Significantly improve information management and dissemination across the planning spectrum – Reduce the numbers of formal messages required to support crisis planning – Take advantage of concurrent planning.

Essential Rules · All communication must be digital. · Study data online to gain and share insights easily. · Shift military planners and decision-makers into high-level thinking. · Use digital tools to create virtual teams. · Convert every paper process to a digital process. · Use digital tools to eliminate single-task jobs. · Create a digital feedback loop. · Take a look at process and simplify it wherever possible.

Essential Rules (cont’d) · Keep an eye on the grand picture. · Too many hand-offs create too many likely points of failure. · Creating a new process is a major project. · Use digital systems to route problems immediately. · Use digital communication to redefine the boundaries. · Transform every process into just in time delivery. · Use digital delivery to eliminate the middleman. · Use digital tools to help people solve problems for themselves.

Mission ACOA serves the Joint Operations Planning and Execution Community by adding value with a commitment to continuous improvement, innovation, and mutual satisfaction.

ACOA Intent USCINCPAC and AITS-JPO develop and demonstrate advanced technology enabling geographically dispersed planning and executing forces to rapidly generate, assess and adapt courses of action for military operations.

Principles • Continuous Improvement and Innovation are central to our pursuit of excellence. • Crisis Action Organization Focus aligns our organization, resources, and strategies to exceed total partner satisfaction. • Partner involvement is essential to create an environment in which each partner is willing and able to contribute his or her efforts, knowledge, and ideas to achieve our mission and strategy. • Partnerships are a foundation of our strategy as we continuously seek new ways to value, develop, maintain, and enhance mutually beneficial relationships.

Values Quality. User focus. Subject matter leadership. Pursuit of excellence. Integrity. Timeliness. Resource management. Safety. Innovation. Bureaucratic avoidance. Entrepreneurialism. User/Developer Teamwork.

Change No one likes change, except, perhaps, a wet baby. Change isn’t linear anymore. It’s a time bomb, accelerating exponentially.

Top 5 Characteristics • Concurrent, Distributed, Collaborative Tool suite • Tightly integrated applications and accurate databases geared towards support of crisis action • True common operational picture • Single C 2 I system • Works in Coalition Operations

CONOPS SOURCES OF INSPIRATION JOPES UAG GCCS ECAWG (CAPE) DPI EVOLVING IDEAS TO CHANGE DOCTRINE TPFDD IN AN HOUR JOPES “TO BE” TARGET DART CONOPS for JOINT VISION 2010 JPET JFACC ALP JL ACTD LESSONS LEARNED WITH NEW TECHNOLOGIES

Strawman CAP&E NCA/JCS CINC CJTF I II III SITUATION AWARENESS EXECUTION PLANNING EXECUTION CJCS EXECUTE ORDER CJCS ALERT ORDER CINC’S ASSESSMENT EXECUTE CINC’S OPORD OR CAMPAIGN PLAN • Abbreviated, uncluttered process • Gain planning initiative early, adapt later • Automated and standardized info sharing • Distributed, collaborative planning OBSERVE REPLAN EXECUTE

PLANNING & EXECUTION STRATEGIC NCA WORDS DOCUMENTS DECISIONS CINC PLANNING THEATER OPERATIONAL CAMPAIGN OBJECT CJTF LEVEL PLANNING TACTICAL COMPONENT LEVEL PLANNING UNIT LEVEL PLANNING MAP/ GRAPHICAL UNIT

Campaign Object GSORTS SUSTAINMENT GCCS DEPLOYMENT SOF CONOPS ATO RSOI COALITION

ACOA Environment POWERPOINT CJTF PACOM MERLYN WORD EXCEL GFPT TMS ECOP EMPLOYMENT SOCCOM CENTCOM M&S INTELLIGENCE SUSTAINMENT DEPLOYMENT TURBO PLNR ACTIVE WORKFLOW JADE AGENTS JOINT STAFF FORCE MNGR JFACC EUCOM FACILITATE ODYSSEY TRANSCOM ACOM

ACOA OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT PHASE I: REPLACE TARGET / CREATE CAMPAIGN OBJECT DATA BASE. INTELLIGENT PROCESS MGMT VIRTUAL SITUATION BOOK VIRTUAL PLANNING BOOK VIRTUAL ORDER BOOK WEB PLANNER POWERPOINT WORD LEIF ODYSSEY MASH GFPT FACILITATE

ACOA OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT PHASE II: REPLACE JOPES TOOLS IN GCCS INTELLIGENT PROCESS MGMT CIP ANALYSTS • BROWSERS • BRIEFER • TOOLS Plan monitoring Adaptive Process Modeling VIRTUAL SITUATION BOOK WEB PLANNER FMT GFPT JADE Plan functions Mission, Tasks Force selection Deployment Plan LEIF Admin Support Visualization WORD POWERPOINT EXCEL PROJECT UNIT RAS GSORTS TCAIMS DEPLOYMENT DATA VIRTUAL PLANNING BOOK VIRTUAL ORDER BOOK ODYSSEY • MASH • FACILITATE • NETSCAPE • LOGBOOK

ACOA OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT PHASE III: PROVIDE A JOINT VISION 2010 VERSION JOINT OPERATIONS PLANNING AND EXECUTION SYSTEM LOGISTICS INTELLIGENT APPS ANALYSTS • BROWSERS PROCESS MGMT • JL ACTD CIP • BRIEFER • JTL ACTD • TOOLS VIRTUAL SITUATION BOOK M&S VISUALIZATION • APPEX PLAN MONITORS UNIT RAS GSORTS TCAIMS DEPLOYMENT DATA Plan monitoring Adaptive Process Modeling WEB PLANNER Plan functions Mission, Tasks Force selection Deployment Plan FMT GFPT JADE LEIF ELECTRONIC WATCHBOARD Admin Support Visualization WORD POWERPOINT EXCEL PROJECT VIRTUAL PLANNING BOOK VIRTUAL ORDER BOOK ODYSSEY • MASH • FACILITATE • NETSCAPE • LOGBOOK

Putting it All Together PACOM DLA • SUSTAINMENT • MISSION • TASKS • CONOPS • INTENT • FORCES • EXECUTE • MONITOR • ADAPT TRANSCOM • FORCE LIST • DELIVERY RQMTS • FEASIBILITY • SCHEDULE • FORCE LIST • SCHEDULE • CONOPS • FORCE RQMTS • CONOPS • INTENT • FORCES • ATO • FORCE RQMTS • CONOPS • TARGETS • MISSION • TASKS • FORCES • CONOPS • RQMTS STRATCOM • CHOP FORCES • DEPLOY FORCES ACOM CJTF

Scenario • Increased tensions on Neolesian Island of DRAPO between Government Military Forces – Rebel Insurgents – • • • Red Cross Workers caught in crossfire and take refuge in abandoned church Inter-agency Working Group monitors situation CINCPAC directs OPT to consider military options

ACOA WILL SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVE PLANNING AND EXECUTION I SITUATION AWARENESS II III EXECUTION PLANNING EXECUTION NCA/CJCS CINC’s SVC COMP CJTF’s COMP IMPROVED RESPONSE: Distributed, collaborative, Parallel Planning NGOs, PVOs, ALLIES

Remote Notification and Collaborative Environment • J 30 OPT uses Odyssey to virtually assemble OPT for Drapo Crisis – Room Environment – Paging – Voice/Text/Whiteboard Collaboration – Document Sharing

Virtual Situation Update • J 30 OPT reviews Current Situation using the ACOA Situation Book – Dynamic Information Viewer – Embedded Drill Down – Graphic Representation

Desktop VTC in Collaborative Environment • OPT alerts CJTF of selection through MASH desktop VTC and Odyssey Collaborative Environment – Desktop: Sun or Windows – Bandwidth Aware

Virtual Plan Representation • PACOM OPT briefs JTF OPT Using Virtual Planner’s Book – Dynamic Information Viewer – Embedded Drill Down – Graphic Representation

Distributed Presentations • JTF uses ACOA Toolset to present Course of Action to Cin. C – Current Plan Status using IPM – Web Planner generated Power. Point Presentation – Virtual Environment

A simple plan, carefully concealed, repeatedly and realistically rehearsed, and executed with surprise, speed, and purpose. EXECUTION SURPRISE SPEED PURPOSE MORAL FACTORS FRICTIONS OF WAR SECURITY REPETITION SIMPLICITY PREPARATION PLANNING CRISIS OPERATIONS MODEL

ACOA Model for Collaborative Computing High Degree of Collaboration Conferencing • Video • Computer • Electronic white boards Sharing • Discussion forums • Group authoring Coordination Technologies • Workflow • Calendar/scheduling • Document management Distribution • e. M@il • Shared folders • Fax Low Transformation High

ACOA Information Technology Model Aspirations Co-Creation Visioning Wisdom Sharing Knowledge Conferencing Coordination Distribution Personal Productivity Applications Information Services Network Data

Ubiquitous Structure • • • Odyssey MASH IPM Netscape Office (Word, Powerpoint, Excel, Project) COAST

Phase I: Situation Awareness Publishing Tools Open Source Intel Classified IDM TOOLS GENOA TOOLS CIP WEB BROWSER Databases Search & Analysis VSB Product

Phase II: Execution Planning FMT WEB PLANNER TCAIMS II DEPLOY EQUIP LIST Units Readiness Assessment System JADE M&S GFPT GSORTS UNIT LOCATION DATABASE ALERT ORDER LEIF Execution Plan (CONOPS) COP Campaign Object DATA VISUALIZATION OPORDER PHASE I Situation Awareness CIP VSB VPB/VOB DATA Sources Databases Mission Analysis Products

Phase III: Execution FMT WEB PLANNER DEPLOY EQUIP LIST EXECUTION ORDERS JADE UNITS COP DATABASE COP GFPT Monitor Execution Plan (CONOPS) Adjust Plan GSORTS DATA VISUALIZATION Campaign Object Appropriate Orders TAG CIP DATA Sources Databases VSB Information VPB/VOB Decision Action Products

Joint Integrated Planning and Execution Virtual Meeting Space Joint Planning Domain Other DOD Agencies Other Federal Agencies DOS Joint Staff Strategic NCA USA JCS NMCC USAF JICPAC Supporting CINCs Coalition USN USMC Staff Theater PACFLT USCINCPAC USARPAC Coalition PACAF Operational, Functional Area Rqmts: Log, Targeting, etc. MARFOR SOCPAC MARFORPAC CJTF Staff JFACC CJTF NAVFOR ARFOR AFFOR Tactical, Functional Area Rqmts: Log, Targeting, etc. Coalition JSOTF JPOTF Staffs Tactical USAF SOF USMC USN

The Challenge Statement: The technology explosion has NOT delivered the promised C 2 decision making explosion!! Pick your favorite technology: • Processor MIPS • Bandwidth • Parallel processing • Storage media • …whatever. . .

The need triggered today’s programs – “What the warrior needs: a fused, real time, true representation of the Warrior’s Battle Space--an ability to order, respond, and coordinate horizontally and vertically to the degree necessary to prosecute his mission. . . ” C 4 I for the Warrior 12 June 1992

A new way to look at things. . . • A C 2 DSS must provide a shared vision of the battlespace to the warriors E C A P S N O I S DECI • Success is defined by making commanders, staffs, and decision aids more effective decision makers

User Driven vs. Data Driven • The ‘chasm’: where you start often determines where you finish. . . don’t be fooled by layers painted onto the data! • Building the bridge is hard it requires a new approach! DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM: Information Creation Data Transformation Presentation Organization DATA SOURCES Navigation INFORMATION NEEDS

Critical Characteristics of the problem • Selected key characteristics: – – – High Value/Mission Critical decisions High Data Rate Overconstrained problem Evolving/”Rolling Horizon” Imperfect view of the world • Every characteristic is also one that challenges human decision making. . .

The full C 2 spectrum: Integrating Planning and Execution “The Sliding Scale of Commitment” Degree of Commitment Reactive Replanning Forecasting Planning Time/Perspective “Friction” Orders cut to Execute! Units of War Notional Oplans

Focus on Decision Makers’ needs… not technology • Decision Support for collaboration: More than just a remoted physical meeting!! • Dealing with Data Overload: More than just reducing the numbers

Future Key Technology directions • Metrics for *delivered* Decision Effectiveness and Throughput • Dramatically improved Decision Centered System Design methodologies • Basic research in technologies that support shared understanding (collaboration) • Intuitive presentations of complex, multivariable, abstract command decision making (time, options, mission, intent, …)

In Summary • It will take *more* than IT initiatives alone to deliver the goods on advanced C 2 DSS • A future focus on exploiting technologies in a decision supporting environment is essential