RED RIVER REBELLION 1869 1870 KEY FIGURES Louis

RED RIVER REBELLION 1869 -1870

KEY FIGURES Louis Riel

KEY FIGURES John A. Macdonald

KEY FIGURES William Mc. Dougall

MAIN CAUSE - 1868: Tension over sale of Rupert’s Land by HBC to Canada w/o consultation with Metis - -Land surveyors

MAIN EVENTS -October, 1869 – surveyors seen on Metis land -Riel and friends go out to meet them on horseback -one of the Metis men stands on surveyor’s chain -Metis form “National Metis Committee” to fight for their land & rights

MAIN EVENTS - Metis tell Mc. Dougall “You’re not welcome here!” -Mc. Dougall ignore Metis warning

MAIN EVENTS -National Garry Metis Committee – seize Upper Fort

MAIN EVENTS Metis wanted to negotiate entry into Confederation with THEIR rights observed. Provisional Government

MAIN EVENTS The Metis hoped their Provisional Government would -give them a voice -prevent Mc. Dougall from giving total control of Red River to the Canadian Party

MAIN EVENTS (who postponed transfer of Rupert’s Land, sent letter to Mc. Dougall didn’t get letter)

MAIN EVENTS An assumption of the Government by you, of course, puts an end to that of the Hudson’s Bay Company’s authorities… There would then be, if you were not admitted into the Country, no legal government existing… it is quite open by the Law of Nations for the inhabitants to form a Government… for the protection of life & property, and such a Government has certain sovereign rights… - Sir John A Macdonald to William Mc. Dougall

MAIN EVENTS governor, into United Proclaimed himself then crossed back States This gave the Provisional Government authority over the area

MAIN EVENTS Early December, 1869 -fearing racist, French-hating Mc. Dougall might give control to Canadian Party, Riel sent army of Metis to arrest (Dr. ) John Schultz & 48 supporters -confined to Ft. Garry

MAIN EVENTS Macdonald – sends Donald Smith (HBC) to negotiate w/Riel

MAIN EVENTS Smith goes to carry the olive branch. We must not think of military force until peaceable means have been exhausted. Should these miserable half-breeds not disband, they must be put down. -Sir John A. Macdonald

MAIN EVENTS Upon arrival in Red River, Jan. 1870: -Smith agreed w/Riel to send Metis negotiators to Ottawa (+) -John Schultz prisoners (-) and some fellow escaped Fort Garry

MAIN EVENTS Thomas Scott

MAIN EVENTS There is no doubt that he [Scott] would have been spared and let out when we were, had he behaved himself - George Sanderson, member of the Canadian Party

MAIN EVENTS Death of Thomas Scott marked end of threat of war between Metis and Canadian Party By end of Jan. 1870, Metis and Canadian Party members went to Ottawa to negotiate the creation of Manitoba

CREATION OF MANITOBA

RESULTS Colonel Garnet Wolseley

RESULTS Louis Riel fled to U. S.