Recycled Concrete Aggregates ET 493 FALL 2013 INSTRUCTOR
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Recycled Concrete Aggregates ET 493 -FALL 2013 INSTRUCTOR: CRIS KOUTSOUGERAS ADVISOR: MOHAMED ZEIDAN BY: CHASE CHARRIER AND GARRETT TREGRE
What are RCA’s? Concrete Components: 1. Water 2. Binding Material 3. Coarse Aggr. (Rock) 4. Fine Aggr. (Sand)
What are RCA’s CONCRETE SLAB / CONCRETE STRUCTURE RECYCLING CONCRETE -> RCA’S
Introduction § Comparing RCA to Typical Aggregate 1. Performance Analysis 2. Cost Analysis RCA Typical Aggregate
Purpose §Research and test the effectiveness of RCA’s use in the construction field § Increase RCA’s use in the construction field § Provided an ECO friendly industry through RCA’s
Concrete’s Intended Use § Sidewalk and Pavements § 4000 PSI – Compressive Strength
Design Mix
Design Mix
Design Mix
Materials 1. Cement, Gravel, Sand 2. Concrete Mixer 3. Slump Cone Test Set 4. Molds for Testing 5. Scales 6. Tampering Rod 7. Air Content Pressure Meter
Slump Test § ASTM C 143 Standard §Measures the mixtures fresh concrete properties § Consistency & Workability- measure of the ease at which the concrete flows §Also measures the consistency between multiple batches of concrete §Different slumps are required for different applications §The slump test measures concrete’s behavior to the force of gravity § More slump = more water and workability § Smaller slump = drier mix with less workability
Slump Test Procedure §Fresh concrete is placed into a metal cone with a diameter of 4” at one end and 8” at the other end being 12” tall §The concrete is placed into the cone in 3 stages and at each stage the concrete is tampered with a 2’ metal rod, 5/8” in diameter §The final stage is to level off the concrete, remove the cone, and measure the slump
Air Content Test §ASTM C 231/C 231 M-10 §Determines the amount of air in a fresh concrete mix §Three Methods: § Pressure Method § Volumetric Method § Free Air Method §Pressure applied to fresh sample of concrete to compress air entrained pores § Meter on device measures pressure §Pressure-to-Volume relationship to Boyle’s Law is used to calculate air content
Compression Test §ASTM C 39 standard §Measures concrete’s ability to withstand compression forces §Strength normally relates the overall quality of the concrete §Concrete is molded into cylinders in which the length is twice the diameter and the diameter is three times the maximum aggregate size §After 28 days are given for proper time to cure, the cylinders are tested §Compression test is performed by applying an axial load to the test cylinder at a constant rate until failure occurs
Compression Test
Tensile Test §ASTM C 496 standard §Measures concrete’s ability to resist tensile forces §Tensile strength is much smaller than concrete’s compression strength §Test is performed by placing a concrete cylinder horizontally under a compression machine and applying a force until splitting occurs §Concrete Cylinder- common size 150 mm by 300 mm
Durability Test §ASTM C 779 standard for abrasion testing §Measures of concrete’s ability to last over time §We will measure our concrete’s durability through a sandblasting abrasion test §The concrete abrasion test involves spraying our concrete test piece with a sandblaster from a distance of 75 +/- 2. 5 mm for a length of 1 min. §The volume lost due to abrasion is measure by filling the abrasion cavities with modeling clay
Analysis §Typical Aggregate vs. RCA §Compare performance is cases of: § Strength § Durability § Workability §Perform cost analysis
Timeline/Deliverables October 2013 - Research typical mixture designs and testing-Completed November 2013 - Design a reference mixture of concrete-Completed December 3, 2013 -Gather aggregates and cement from Tycer Ready Mix-Completed December 2013 - Order testing equipment-Completed December-January 2013 -2014 - Conduct trial mixtures/Fresh properties testing February 2014 - Strength and Durability Testing March 2014 - Mixture adjustments April 2014 - Cost Analysis April-May 2014 - Final Report Preparation
References 1. ASTM Standards: C 143, C 231/C 231 M-10; C 39; C 496; C 779 2. “Concrete Air Entrainment Tests. ” Durham Geo Slope Indicator. Durham Geo-Enterprises, Inc. durhamgeo. com. Web. 4 Dec. 2013. 3. Gee, King W. “Use of Recycled Concrete Pavement as Aggregate in Hydraulic-Cement Concrete Pavement. ” U. S. Department of Federal Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. 3 July 2007. Fhwa. dot. gov. Web. 4. Mac. Donald, Kevin. "Crushed Concrete. " Concrete Construction. Haney Wood, 30 July 2011. Web. 24 Oct. 2013. 5. "Material Testing. " Compression Test on Concrete. Building Research Institute, n. d. Web. 25 Oct. 2013. 6. “Materials: Recycled Aggregates. ” Concrete Technology. Portland Cement Association. Cement. org. Web.
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