Recovery Oriented Systems of Care from a TwoSpirit

Terminology l Beginning of Time – First Contact (1492) l 1492 to 1989 -

Some Two-Spirit Names * Osage Mixu’ga Instructed by the moon” * Navajo Na’dleeh “He

Gender vs. Sexual Orientation • Sexual orientation refers to an enduring emotional, romantic, sexual,

Roles of the Two-Spirit l l l l l Mediators Social Workers Name Giving

North. East Two-Spirit Society To Educate To Increase Visibility of 2 S Community To

Defining Characteristics of Two. Spirit & Native American People l l l Historical Trauma;

Recovery Envisioned Mitakuye Oyasin – All my relations l Returning to the Red-Way –

Leaders of the New York and Crow Two-Spirit groups

Blackfoot Two-Spirit leader Steven Barrios and his sisters

Conclusion: When you are born into this world, you reach for either a bow

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Recovery Oriented Systems of Care from a Two-Spirit Perspective Harlan Pruden, Co-Founder & Councilmember North. East Two-Spirit Society

Terminology l Beginning of Time – First Contact (1492) l 1492 to 1989 - berdache l 1989 to Present - Two-Spirit

Some Two-Spirit Names * Osage Mixu’ga Instructed by the moon” * Navajo Na’dleeh “He changes” * Cheyenne He’eman “Women/Man” * Chumash agi’, axi * Lakota Wi’kta/Wingkte’ “Would be Women” Female lila witkowin “crazy woman” * Tewa Kwido “Old woman/Old man” * Zuni Ihamana “girl/boy” * Miwok Osha’pu “women” *Chickasaw hoobuk * Crow Bote, Bade * Hidatsa biatti or miati “Woman-compelled”

Gender vs. Sexual Orientation • Sexual orientation refers to an enduring emotional, romantic, sexual, or affectional attraction toward others, usually conceived of as classifiable according to the sex of the persons whom the individual finds sexually attractive. • Gender is socially defined and dictates one place and role with one’s community.

Roles of the Two-Spirit l l l l l Mediators Social Workers Name Giving Love Potions / Match Maker Sun Dance Were Holy people, told the future and brought good luck Boy’s & Girl’s Puberty Ceremony Peace-Makers for the Tribe Joined war parties Were doctors/medicine people

North. East Two-Spirit Society To Educate To Increase Visibility of 2 S Community To Build Community

Defining Characteristics of Two. Spirit & Native American People l l l Historical Trauma; Intergenerational Trauma; Band/Tribal Membership; Half-truths, misconceptions, stereotypes pervade all aspects our Indian life and history; and We are small population – however it is precisely because our population is small is all the justification that is needed for our community to be declared a top priority – for once we are gone – we are gone!

Recovery Envisioned Mitakuye Oyasin – All my relations l Returning to the Red-Way – Community Is Healing & Healing Is Community l Holistic Approach to Recovery

Recovery Oriented Systems of Care

Two-Spirit People of Today:

Leaders of the New York and Crow Two-Spirit groups

Denver’s Two-Spirit Society

Blackfoot Two-Spirit leader Steven Barrios and his sisters

Montana’s Two-Spirit Society

International Two-Spirit Gatherings

Another Photo from the International

Tulsa Two-Spirit Society

Conclusion: When you are born into this world, you reach for either a bow and a quiver, which is blessed and protected by the Sun, our Grandfather, or you reach for an awl and a sewing bag, which is blessed by the Moon, our Grandmother. From that time on, you will follow that vision and be blessed.