Recorded Small Bang RHICSTAR End view of a
Recorded Small Bang (RHIC-STAR) End view of a collision of two 30 billion electron-volt gold beams in the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory, The beams travel in opposite directions at nearly the speed of light before colliding. (Courtesy: Brookhaven National Laboratory)
S=0 配对 2 -flavor SC (2 SC) Bailin, Love (1984) Color-flavor-locking (CFL) Alford, Rajagopal, Wilczek (1984)
S=1 配对 Polar phase Schafer (2000) Color-spin-locking (CSL) Bailin, Love (1984) Schafer (2000)
不对称配对 摘自黄梅的报告 Pair breaking? rare case real case in cold dense quark matter
弱耦合近似下的能隙 Depending on phases Characteristic of CSC Son (1999); Pisarski, Rischke (2000); Brown, Liu, Ren (2000); Rischke, Wang (2002)
能隙(结果) (Zero temperature) spin (transition temperature) 2 SC CFL CSL polar 0 0 1 1 1 0. 57 Two-gap structure breaks BCS-ratio Exponential suppression factor in CSL from angular integral Schmitt, Wang, Rischke, PRD(2003)
光子与胶子的迈斯纳质量 Mixing of gluon and photon in CSC New electric charge and 8 th color charge New photon and gluon New coupling constant
计算方法 Nambu-Gorkov basis: Calculate polarization tensor diagonalization
迈斯纳质量:结果总结 • Rotated photon can penetrate into 2 SC and CFL: no EM Meissner effect • Rotated photon in CSL phases has a non-vanishing mass: EM Meissner effect • Since , in weak couplings, spin-1 color-superconductor (CSL or polar phase) a type-I superconductor Schmitt, QW, Rischke, PRL(2003)
BEC和BCS配对的差别 bosonic Eb • T independent • EF independent fermionic • T dependence • EF dependence
费米与玻色量子液体 • Condensed matter system • Superconductor (1911) • 4 He (1937), 3 He (1971) • High-Tc superconductor (1987) 100 K • • • Temp. • • • To bridge different regimes… Weak interaction to strong interaction Bosons to Fermions and vice versa Atomic systems Atomic BEC (1995): Weakly interacting bose gas Fermionic atom gas 1 n. K 1012 cm-3 Density 1021 cm-3
实验装置 Efficient loading into the optical trap: ~ 107 thermal atoms Absorption images Time Evolution
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